1 84 



SCROPHULARIACKAE. 



[Vol,. III. 



32. PEDICULARIS L. Sp. PI. 603. 1753. 

 Herbs, with alternate opposite or rarely verticillate, pinnately lobed cleft or pinnatifid 

 leaves, and yellow red purple or white flowers, in terminal spikes or spike-like racemes. Calyx 

 tubular, cleft on the lower side or sometimes also on the upper, or 2-5-toothed. Corolla 

 strongly 2-lipped, the tube cylindric, the upper lip (galea) laterally compressed, concave or 

 conduplicate, sometimes beaked; lower lip erect or ascending, 3-lobed, the lobes spreading 

 or reflexed, the middle one the smallest. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending within the 

 upper lip of the corolla; anthers approximate in pairs, their sacs transverse, equal, parallel, 

 obtuse or rarely mucronate at the base. Capsule compressed, oblique or curved, beaked, 

 many-seeded, loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds reticulate, pitted, striate or ribbed. [Latin, 

 pertaining to lice, long supposed to breed lice in sheep that feed on these plants.] 



About 125 species, mostly natives of the northern hemisphere. In addition to the following, 

 some 25 others inhabit the western parts of North America. Mostly known as I_ousewort; a few 

 red-flowered species are called Red Rattle. 



-;;- Galea produced into a filiform beak 6"-8'' long. 

 -X- %r Galea short-beaked or beakless. 

 Beak of the galea conic, decurved, 1" long. 

 Beak of the galea very short, or none. 



Annuals or biennials; stems leafy, freely branching; northern. 

 Puberulent; upper leaves crenulate, lower pinnatifid. 

 Glabrous or very nearly so; leaves all pinnatifid. 

 Perennials; stems leafy, simple (rarely branched in No. 6). 



Corolla yellow, or the galea red; plants 6' -3 high; eastern species. 



Leaves pinnately lobed; capsule ovate, scarcely longer than the calyx:. 



5. P. lanceolala. 

 Leaves pinnately parted; capsule lanceolate, 3 times as long as the calyx. 



6. P. Canadensis. 



7. P. Furbishiae. 



1. P. Groenlandica. 



2. P. Lapponica. 



3. P. euphrasioides. 



4. P. parviflora. 



Lower leaves pinnately divided; capsule ovate. 

 Galea crimson or purple; plant 1/-4' high; arctic. 

 Perennial; stem scapose, or 1 -leaved; flowers capitate; arctic. 



8. P.flammea. 



9. P. capitata. 



Long- 



1. Pedicularis Groenlandica Retz. 



beaked Pedicularis. (Fig. 3330.) 



P. Groenlandica Retz. Fl. Scand. Ed. 2, 145. 1795. 



Perennial, glabrous; stem simple, erect, i-i}4 

 high. Leaves alternate, lanceolate in outline, acute 

 or acuminate, pinnately parted or the lower pinnately 

 divided into lanceolate acute crenulate or incised 

 segments, the upper sessile, the lower slender-peti- 

 oled, 2 / -6 / long; spike l / -6 / long, very dense; calyx 

 5-toothed, nearly as longas the corolla-tube, the teeth 

 short, acutish; corolla red or purple, the galea pro- 

 duced into a filiform beak 6 // -8 // long, which is de- 

 curved against the lower lip and upwardly recurved 

 beyond it; body of the corolla 2 / ^ // ~3 // long; capsule 

 obliquely ovate, about 3" long. 



In wet soil, Labrador, Greenland and Hudson Bay to- 

 the Northwest Territor}' and British Columbia, south in 

 the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico, and in the Sierra 

 Nevada to California. Summer. 



2. Pedicularis Lapponica L,. Lapland 

 Pedicularis. (Fig. 3331.) 



Pedicularis Lapponica L. Sp. PI. 609. 1753. 



Perennial, puberulent; stems simple, or sparingly 

 branched, leafy, 4 / -8 / high. Leaves sessile, or very 

 short-petioled, alternate or the lowest opposite, lanceo- 

 late or linear-lanceolate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, 

 Yz'-iYi' long, pinnately incised into numerous ap- 

 proximate oblong serrulate lobes; spike short, the 

 flowers almost capitate, light yellow, 6 // -7 // long; 

 calyx cleft on the lower side, 2-toothed on the upper; 

 galea erect, arched, tipped by an abruptly spreading or 

 recurved conic beak about \" long. 



In open places, Labrador and Greenland to the Arctic 

 Sea. Also in Arctic Europe and Asia. Summer. 



Pedicularis pedicellata Bunge, an Alaskan species is re- 

 corded by Bunge from Labrador. It is distinguished from 

 the above by its scapose stem, deeply pinnatifid leaves and 

 pedicellate lower flowers. We have not seen specimens 

 from the eastern side of the continent. 



