Vol. III.] 



MADDER FAMILY. 



219 



Endospern of seed lunate in cross-section. 

 Leaves obtuse. 

 Leaves acute, or cuspidate. 



Stem nearly or quite smooth. 

 Stem strongly retrorse-hisgid. 



5f -X- Fruit fleshy, resembling a double berry. 



19. G. palustre. 



20. G. concinnnm 



21. G. asprellum. 

 22. G. hispidulum. 



I. Galium verum L,. Yellow Bedstraw. 

 Lady's Bedstraw. (Fig. 3408.) 



Galium verum L. Sp. PI. 107. 1753. 



Perennial from a somewhat woody base, erect or 

 ascending, simple or branched, 6 / -2 i / 2 high. Stems 

 smooth or minutely roughened; leaves in 6's or 8's, 

 narrowly linear, 4 // -i2 // long, about >^ // wide, 

 rough on the margins, at length deflexed; flowers 

 yellow, the cymes in dense narrow panicles; fruit 

 usually glabrous, less than \" broad. 



In waste places and fields, Ontario, eastern New 

 England, southern New York and New Jersey. Adven- 

 tive or naturalized from Europe. Native also of Asia. 

 May-Sept. Called also Cheese-rennet, Curdwort, Bed- 

 flower, Fleawort, Maids' Hair and Yellow Cleavers. 



2. Galium Mollugo L-. Wild Madder. 



White, or Great Hedge Bedstraw. 



(Fig. 3409. ) 



Galium Mollugo L- Sp. PI. 107. 1753. 



Glabrous or nearly so throughout. Stems erect, or 

 diffusely branched, i-3 long; leaves in 6's or 8's, 

 oblanceolate or linear, cuspidate at the apex, 6 // -i5 // 

 long, i // -2 // wide, sometimes roughish on the mar- 

 gins; flowers small, white, very numerous in terminal 

 panicled cymes; pedicels filiform; fruit smooth and 

 glabrous, nearly x" broad. 



In fields and waste places, Newfoundland to Vermont, 

 New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. Ad- 

 ventive or naturalized from Europe. Called also Whip- 

 tongue. May-Sept. 



3. Galium Parisiense L,. Wall Bedstraw. 

 (Fig. 3410.) 



Galium parisiense L. Sp. PI. 108. 1753. 

 Galium Anglicum Huds. Fl. Angl. Ed. 2, 69. 



1778. 



Annual, erector ascending, very slender, much branch- 

 ed; stem rough on the angles, o'-ia 7 high. Leaves in 

 verticils of about 6 (4-7), linear or linear-lanceolate, 

 cuspidate, minutely scabrous on the margins and mid- 

 rib, 2 // -4 // long; cymes several-flowered, axillary and 

 terminal on filiform peduncles; flowers minute, greenish- 

 white; fruit glabrous, finely granular, less than % ,f wide. 



Along roadsides, Virginia. Adventive or naturalized 

 from Europe. June-Aug. 



