220 



RUBIACEAE. 



[Vol. III. 



4. Galium tricorne Stokes. Rough-fruited 

 Corn Bedstraw. (Fig. 34 11.) 



Galium tricorne Stokes; With. Bot. Arr. Brit. PI. Ed. 2, 1: 

 153- 1787- 



Rather stout, decumbent or ascending, 6 / -i2 / high, 

 simple, or little branched. Stem rough with reflexed 

 prickles; leaves in 6's or 8's, linear or narrowly ob- 

 lanceolate, i' long or less, i>^ // -2 // wide, rough on 

 the margins and midrib; peduncles axillary, shorter 

 than the leaves; pedicels thickened and curved down- 

 ward in fruit; cymes axillary, usually 3- (1-3-) flow- 

 ered; fruit tuberculate or granular, not hispid, 4 // -5 // 

 broad. 



In waste places or cultivated fields, eastward (accord- 

 ing- to Gray); Ontario, and in ballast about the eastern 

 seaports. May-Aug. 



5. Galium Aparine L,. Cleavers. Goose- 

 grass. Cleaver-wort. (Fig. 3412.) 

 Galium Aparine L,. Sp. PI. 108. 1753. 



Annual, weak, scrambling over bushes, 2-5 long, 

 the stems retrorsely hispid on the angles. Leaves in 

 6's or 8's, oblanceolate to linear, cuspidate at the apex, 

 \ r ~2/ long, 2 // s // wide, the margins and midrib very 

 rough ; flowers in 1-3 - flowered cymes in the upper axil s ; 

 peduncles 5 // -i2 // long; fruiting pedicels straight; 

 fruit 2 // -3 // broad, densely covered with short hooked 

 bristles. 



In various situations, New Brunswick to Ontario, south 

 to Florida, Missouri and Texas. Apparently naturalized 

 from Europe. Widely distributed in temperate regions 

 as a weed. May-Sept. Among some 70 other English 

 names are Catchweed, Beggar-lice, Burhead, Clover-grass, 

 Cling-rascal, Scratch-grass, Wild Hedge-burs, Hairif or 

 Airif,Stick-a-back or Stickle-back, Gosling-grass, Gosling- 

 weed, Turkey-grass, Pigtail, Grip or Grip-grass, Eoveman. 

 Sweethearts. 



Galium spurium L,. L,esser-Goose- 

 grass or Cleavers. (Fig. 3413.) 



Galium spurium L. Sp. PI. 106. 1753- 



Galium Vaillanlii DC. Fl. France. 4: 263. 1805. 



Galium Aparine var. Vaillantii Koch, Fl. Germ. 330 



1837- 



Similar to the preceding species but smaller, the 

 stem equally rough-angled. Leaves smaller, 1 ' in length 

 or less, linear-oblong or slightly oblanceolate, cuspi- 

 date-pointed, rough on the margins and midrib; cymes 

 2-9-flowered; fruit i // -i}4, // broad, usually less hispid, 

 sometimes smooth, or nearly so. 



In low grounds, Ontario to British Columbia, south in 

 the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and to California. Also in 

 Europe, or the American plant may be distinct from the 

 European. Called also Smooth-fruited Corn Bedstraw. 

 May-Aug. 



