222 



RUBIACEAE. 



[Vol. III. 



10. Galium circaezans Michx. 

 Wild Liquorice. Cross- Cleavers. 



(Fig. 3417. ) 



G. circaezans Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 80. 1803. 

 Perennial, more or less pubescent, branch- 

 ed, i-2 high. Leaves in 4's, oval, oval- 

 lanceolate or ovate, obtuse or obtusish at 

 the apex, 3 -nerved, 6 // -i8 // long, 4 // -8 // 

 wide, usually somewhat pubescent on both 

 surfaces, the lower smaller; cymes divari- 

 cately branched; flowers sessile or nearly 

 so, greenish; corolla hirsute without, its 

 lobes acute; fruit hispid, similar to that of 

 the preceding species, at length deflexed. 



In dry woods, Quebec and Ontario to Minne- 

 sota, Florida, Kansas and Texas. May-July. 

 Galium circaezans glabellum Britton, Mem. Torn 

 Club, 5: 303. 1894. 



Foliage nearly or quite glabrous; corolla gla- 

 brous. New York. 



11. Galium Kamtschaticum Steller. 

 Northern Wild Liquorice. (Fig. 3418.) 



Galium Kamtschaticum Steller; R. & S. Mant. 3: 



186. 1827. 

 Galium Littellii Oakes, Hovey's Mag. 7: 179. 1841. 

 Galium circaezans var. montanum T. & G. Fl. N. 



A. 2: 24. 1841. 



Similar to the preceding species, but weak, 

 smaller, stems 4 / -i5 / long. Leaves in 4's, broadly 

 oval, orbicular, or obovate, thin, 3-nerved, ob- 

 tuse, mucronulate, 6 // -i8 // long, 4 // -i2 // wide, 

 glabrate, or pubescent with short scattered hairs 

 on the upper surface and on the nerves beneath, 

 sometimes ciliate; flowers few, all on pedicels 

 2 // -6 // long; corolla glabrous, yellowish-green, 

 its lobes acutish; fruit hispid, 2" broad. 



In mountainous regions, Quebec, northern New 

 England and northern New York. Also in north- 

 eastern Asia. Summer. 



12. Galium boreale L-. Northern 

 Bedstraw. (Fig. 3419.) 



Galium boreale L. Sp. PI. 108. 1753. 

 Galium septentrionale R. & S. Syst. 3: 253. 



1818. 



Erect, perennial, smooth and glabrous, 

 strict, simple, or branched, leafy, i-2^ 

 high. Leaves in 4's, lanceolate or linear, 

 3-nerved, obtuse or acute, \'-2 l / z ' long, 

 i // -3 // wide, the margins sometimes ciliate; 

 panicles terminal, dense, many-flowered, 

 the flowers white in small compact cymes; 

 fruit hispid, at least when young, some- 

 times becoming glabrate when mature, 

 about 1" broad. 



In rocky soil or along streams, Quebec to 

 Alaska, south to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, 

 Michigan, Nebraska, New Mexico and Cali- 

 fornia. Also in Europe and northern Asia. 

 May-Aug. 



