266 



CICHORIACEAE. 



[Vol.. III. 



7. LEONTODON L. Sp. PI. 798. 1753. 



Perennial scapose herbs, with tufted basal, mostly pinnatifid leaves, branched and 

 scaly, or simple and naked scapes, and large heads of yellow flowers, solitary at the end 

 of the scape or of its branches. Involucre ovoid or oblong, its principal bracts in 1 or 2 

 series, nearly equal, with several series of short outer ones. Receptacle fiat, fimbrillate, vil- 

 lous, or somewhat honeycombed. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers sagit- 

 tate at the base. Style-branches slender. Achenes oblong or linear, finely striate, contract- 

 ed or beaked at the summit. Pappus of 1 or 2 series of plumose persistent brownish bristles, 

 somewhat broadened at the base, or the outer scale-like and simple. [Greek, lion's tooth.] 



About 45 species, natives of the Old World. 

 Plant nearly glabrous; scape commonly branched; pappus-bristles all plumose, i. L. atdumnale. 

 Plant somewhat hirsute: scape simple; outer pappus of outer achenes simple. 2. L. nudicaule. 



i. Leontodon autumnale L. Fall 



Dandelion. Autumnal Hawkbit. 



Lion's- tooth. (Fig. 3522.) 



Leontodon autumnale L. Sp. PI. 798. 1753. 

 Apargia autumttalis Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. Ed. 2, 2: 

 113. 1800. 



Plant glabrous or very nearly so throughout; 

 scape slender, usually branched and scaly, 

 6 / -2 high. Leaves narrowly oblong to linear- 

 lanceolate, pinnatifid into narrow lobes, or some 

 of them coarsely dentate, ^ / -S / long, 3 // -i2 // 

 wide, acuminate at the apex, narrowed into 

 rather short petioles; heads several, rarely soli- 

 tary, about I2 // -15 // broad; involucre oblong, 

 glabrous or slightly pubescent; achenes tapering 

 into a short beak, or the outer ones nearly terete; 

 pappus-bristles all plumose. 



In fields and along roadsides, Newfoundland and 

 Ontario to New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Ohio. Nat- 

 uralized from Europe. Native also of Asia. June- 

 Nov. 



2. Leontodon nudicaule (L. ) Porter. 



Rough or Hairy Hawkbit. 



(Fig. 3523. ) 



Crepis nudicaulis L. Sp. PI. 805. 1753. 

 Leontodon hirtutn L,. Sp. PI. Ed. 2, 11 23. 1763. 

 Leontodon nudicaule Porter, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 

 348. 1894. 



Plant more or less hirsute; scape simple, 

 slender, 4 / -i2 / high, minutely scaly, or naked. 

 Leaves linear-oblong to narrowly spatulate, 

 acute or obtuse, not acuminate, nearly entire, 

 coarsely sinuate-dentate or sometimes pinnati- 

 fid, 2 / ~5 / long, 3 // -8 // wide, narrowed into peti- 

 oles; head solitary at the end of the scape, 5"- 

 io // broad; involucre canescent or pubescent; 

 outer achenes with an outer pappus of simple nar- 

 row scales and an inner one of plumose bristles. 



In ballast and waste places about the eastern sea- 

 ports. Also at Seidersville, Penn. (Bechdoldt), and 

 on Vancouver Island (Macoun). Adventive from 

 Europe. June-Oct. 



8. PICRIS L. Sp. PI. 792. 1753- 



Erect hispid, mostly branching, leafy herbs, with alternate leaves (in our species), and 

 rather large, usually corymbose or paniculate heads of yellow flowers. Involucre campanu- 

 late or cup-shaped, its principal bracts in 1 series, nearly equal, with 2-3 series of small or 

 large exterior spreading ones. Receptacle flat, short-fimbrillate. Rays truncate and 5- 

 toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender. Achenes linear 

 or oblong, somewhat incurved, terete or angled, 5-10-ribbed and transversely wrinkled, nar- 

 rowed at the base and summit, or beaked in some species. Pappus of 1 or 2 series of slender 

 plumose bristles. [Greek, bitter.] 



About 35 species, natives of the Old World, one perhaps indigenous in Alaska. 

 Outer involucral bracts linear; achenes not beaked. 1. P. hieracioides. 



Outer involucral bracts ovate, foliaceous; achenes short-beaked. 2. P. echioides. 



