274 



CICHORIACEAE. 



[Vol.. IIL 



3. Lactuca Canadensis L. Wild or Tall 

 Lettuce. Wild Opium. (Fig. 3539.) 



Lactuca Canadensis L. Sp. PI. 796. 1753. 

 Lacluca elongata Muhl. ; Willd. Sp. PI. 3: 1525. 1804. 



Biennial or annual, glabrous throughout, 

 somewhat glaucous; stem leafy up to the inflor- 

 escence, 3-io high, branching above into a 

 narrow panicle. Leaves, or some of them, sin- 

 uate-pinnatifid, those of the stem sessile or 

 auriculate-clasping, 2 / -8 / long, the uppermost 

 smaller, often lanceolate, acuminate and entire, 

 the basal often 11' long, narrowed into petioles; 

 heads numerous, 2 // -3 // broad; involucre cylin- 

 dric, 4 // -6 // high, its outer bracts shorter than 

 the inner; rays yellow; achenes oval, flat, about 

 as long as the filiform beak; pappus white. 



In moist, open places, Nova Scotia to the North- 

 west Territory south to Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana 

 and Arkansas. Called also Trumpetweed, Trumpet 

 Milkweed, Trumpets and Fire-weed. June-Nov. 

 Lactuca Canadensis montana Britton. 



Plant i-4 high; leaves all lanceolate and entire; 

 bracts of the involucre purple or purplish. Pocono 

 Mountain, Penn., and Catskill Mountains, N. Y. 



4. Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. Hairy or 

 Red Wood-Lettuce. (Fig. 3540.) 



Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. Cat. 69. 1813. 



Lactuca sanguinea Bigel. Fl. Bost. Ed. 2, 287. 1824. 



Lactuca elongata var. sanguinea T. & G. Fl. N. A. 



2: 496. 1843. 



Similar to the preceding species, but com- 

 monly smaller and less leafy; stem i-6 high, 

 naked and paniculately branched above, usu- 

 ally hirsute, at least below. Leaves, or most of 

 them, sinuate-pinnatifid, pubescent on both 

 sides, or on the midrib beneath, those of the 

 stem mostly sessile or auriculate-clasping, 3 / ~7 / 

 long, the uppermost sometimes lanceolate and 

 entire, the basal petioled; heads numerous, 2 // - 

 3 r/ broad; involucre glabrous, 5 // -9 // high; outer 

 bracts shorter than the inner; rays reddish-yel- 

 low or paler; achenes oblong-oval, flat, about the 

 length of the beak; pappus white. 



In dry soil, Maine to Ontario, Minnesota, Ala- 

 bama and Texas. Stem, peduncles and involucre 

 often red or purple. July-Sept. 



5. Lactuca sagittifolia Ell. Arrow- 

 leaved Lettuce. (Fig. 3541.) 



L. sagittifolia Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 2: 253. 1821-24. 

 Lactuca integrifolia Bigel. Fl. Bost. Ed. 2, 287. 



1824. Not Nutt. 1818. 

 L. elofigata var. integ. T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2: 496. 1843. 



Biennial; stem glabrous throughout, or hir- 

 sute below, leafy nearly up to the usually pan- 

 iculate inflorescence, 2-6 high. Leaves ob- 

 long, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate or acute, entire or denticulate, the lower 

 rarely pinnatifid, sometimes spinulose on the 

 margins, those of the stem sessile or sagittate- 

 clasping, 3 / -6 / long, y^'-iyi' wide, the basal 

 and lower ones petioled; heads commonly very 

 numerous, 2 // ~4 // broad; involucre cylindric, 

 7" high, the outer bracts shorter than the 



5 



inner; rays yellow or reddish; achenes oval, flat, 



longer than their filiform beaks; pappus white. 

 In dry, open soil, New Brunswick and Ontario to 

 Georgia, Idaho and Nebraska. Called also Devil's- 

 Iron Weed. July-Sept. 



