Vol. III.] 



CHICORY FAMILY 



2. Nabalus albus (L.) Hook. Rattle- 

 snake-root. White Lettuce. (Fig. 3577.) 



Prenanthes alba L. Sp. PI. 798. 1753. 



Nabalus albits Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 294. 1833. 



Glabrous and glaucous; stem commonly pur- 

 ple, 2-5 high. Leaves hastate, ovate, cordate, 

 denticulate, dentate, lobed, or palniately di- 

 vided, or the upper lanceolate.entire, thicker than 

 those of the preceding species, the larger some- 

 times S' long; heads numerous, pendulous, 8-15- 

 flowered, about 3" broad, paniculate, or thyr- 

 soid, and often in axillary clusters; involucre 

 glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs, glaucous, 

 $"-~" high, about \ l / z ,f thick, its principal 

 bracts about 8, purplish, with several minute 

 outer ones; flowers greenish or yellowish white, 

 fragrant; pappus dark cinnamon-brown. 



In woods, Maine and Ontario to Manitoba, south 

 to Georgia and Kentucky. Called also Lion's-foot 

 and White Cankerweed. Aug-Sept. 



3. Nabalus serpentarius (Pursh) 



Hook. Lion's-foot. Gall-of-the-Earth. 



(Fig. 3578.) 



Prenanthes serpentaria Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 499. 



pi. 24. 18 14. 

 Nabalus serpentarius Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 294. 1833. 

 Nabalus Fraseri DC. Prodr. 7: 241. 1838. 



Glabrous or sparingly pubescent, green; stem 

 stout or slender, not glaucous, 1 -4 high. Leaves 

 rather firm, similar to those of the preceding spe- 

 cies, equally variable in outline, often pinnatifid 

 or pinnately lobed, or palmately divided; inflores- 

 cence paniculate, the branches divaricate, up- 

 curved; heads numerous, about 3" broad, S-12- 

 flowered, pendulous, paniculate, and commonly 

 also in axillary clusters; involucre more or less 

 bristly-hispid, rarely glabrous, green or purplish, 

 about l% // thick, 5 // -7 // long, its principal bracts 

 about 8, shorter than the pappus, with several 

 minute lanceolate outer ones; flowers whitish or 

 cream-color, rarely yellow; achenes about 3 //r long; pappus light brown or straw-color. 



In fields and thickets, Ontario to southern New York, Florida, Alabama and Kentucky. Called 

 also Canker-weed, Rattlesnake-root, White Lettuce and Snake Gentian. July-Oct. 



Nabalus serpentarius integrifolius (Cass.) Britton. 

 Nabalus integrifolius Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 34: 95. 1825. 



Leaves oblong to oval, irregularly dentate, denticulate or entire. Long Island to North Carolina. 



4. Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass. Tall 

 Rattlesnake-root. (Fig. 3579.) 



Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 34: 95. 1825. 

 Glabrous throughout; stem usually stout, 3-9 

 liigh. Leaves thinnish, the lower long-petioled, 

 usually 3-divided with the divisions stalked or ses- 

 sile, the upper short-petioled or sessile, all com- 

 monly lobed or dentate, but the upper sometimes 

 lanceolate, acuminate and entire; inflorescence 

 paniculate, the panicle-branches ascending, or 

 nearly erect; heads few in the clusters, drooping, 

 7- 1 2-flowered ; involucre pale green or purplish, gla- 

 brous, about \ 1 /t." thick and 6 // long, its principal 

 bracts 6-8, equalling the pappus, the short outer 

 ones ovate to lanceolate; flowers whitish or pale 

 yellow; achenes 2 // ~3 // long; pappus light brown. 



Tn woods and thickets, Maine to Pennsylvania, and 

 probably much more widely distributed. Aug.-Oct. 



J 9 



