COMPOSITAE. 



[Vol. III. 



8. Lacinaria spicata (L. ) Kuntze. 



Dense Button-Snakeroot. Gay 



Feather. Devil's Bit. (Fig. 3643.) 



Serrulata spicata L. Sp. PI. 819. 1753. 

 Lialris spicata Willd. Sp. PI. 3: 1636. 1804. 

 L. spicata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 349. 1891. 



Glabrous or nearly so, 2-6 high. 

 Lower leaves linear-lanceolate or linear- 

 oblong, usually blunt-pointed, sometimes 

 i long and 5" wide, the upper linear or 

 even subulate, somewhat or obscurelv 

 punctate; spike generally dense, 4 / -i5 / 

 long; heads short-oblong or cylindric, 

 5-13-flowered, i"-\" broad, mostly 

 sessile; involucre rounded or obtuse at 

 the base, its bracts appressed, oblong, ob- 

 tuse and scarious-margined at the apex, 

 obscurely punctate, imbricated in 4-6 

 series; flowers blue-purple, occasionally 

 white; pappus roughened or barbellate. 



In moist soil, Massachusetts to Florida, west 

 toWisconsin, Kentucky, Louisiana and Arkan- 

 sas. Called also Rough or Backache-root. 

 Throat-wort, Prairie Pine, Colic-root. Aug.-Oct. 



Lacinaria spicata pumila (Lodd.) Porter, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 314. 1894. 

 Liatris pumila Lodd. Bot. Cab.pl. 147. 1821. 

 Liatris spicata var. montana A. Gray, Syn. PI. 1: Part 2, in. 1884. 



Low, stout, i-2 high. Lower leaves broader and shorter, obtuse; spike shorter; heads larger. 



g. Lacinaria graminifolia (Walt.) 

 Kuntze. Loose-flowered Button- 

 Snakeroot. (Fig. 3644.) 



Anonymus gramini/olius Walt. Fl. Car. 



197. 1788. 

 Liatris graminifolia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 



2: 508. 1 8 14. Not Willd. 1804. 

 Lacinaria graminifolia Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 



PI. 349. 1891. 



Glabrous, or sparingly pubescent, i-3 

 high. Leaves similar to those of the pre- 

 ceding species, but more conspicuously 

 punctate, usually somewhat ciliate near 

 the base and acute or acutish at the apex; 

 heads spicate or racemose, mostly pedun- 

 cled; involucre narrowed or acute at 

 the base, 2 // -4 // broad, its bracts distinctly 

 punctate, appressed, rounded and scarcely 

 margined at the apex, thick; flowers pur- 

 ple; pappus barbellate; achenes hairy. 



In dry soil, Virginia to Florida and Georgia. 

 Ascends to 4200 ft. in North Carolina. Called 

 also Fine-leaved Blazing Star. Aug. -Sept. 



Lacinaria graminifolia pilosa (Ait.) Britton, 

 Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 314. 1894. 

 Serrulata pilosa Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 138. 1789. 

 Liatris graminifolia var. dubia A. Gray, Man. Ed. 2, 185. 1856. 



Leaves usually prominently ciliate; heads larger, spicate, racemose, or even paniculate; bracts of 

 the involucre linear-oblong or spatuiate, narrowly scarious-margined. In sandy soil, New Jersey 

 to Florida and Alabama. 



9. TRILISA Cass. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1818: 140. 1818. 



Erect perennial herbs, with fibrous roots and alternate simple leaves; those of the stem 

 sessile or clasping, the basal ones narrowed into petioles. Heads small, discoid, of 5-10 purple 

 or white flowers, in terminal thyreoid or corymbose panicles. Involucre campanulate, its 

 bracts imbricated in 2 or 3 series, the outer scarcely shorter than the inner. Receptacle flat, 

 naked. Corolla regular, its limb 5-lobed. Anthers obtuse and entire at the base. Achenes 

 nearly terete, 10-ribbed. Style-branches slender, obtuse. Pappus of 1 or 2 series of elon- 

 gated, barbed bristles. [Anagram of Liatris.'] 



Two known species, native of the southeastern United States. 

 .Stem glabrous; heads corymbose-paniculate. i. T. odoratissivia. 



Stem viscid-pubescent; heads thyrsoid-paniculate. 2. T. paniculata. 



