Genus 45.] 



THISTLE FAMILY. 



401 



Appressed- woolly; involucral bracts becoming dark brown. 5. G. uliginosum. 



Tufted low mountain herbs; heads few; bracts brown; pappus-bristles distinct. 6. G. supinum. 

 Slender, simple; heads spicate; pappus-bristles united at base. 



Leaves linear or lanceolate-spatulate, acute; heads about 3" high; northeastern. 



Bracts dark brown; stem leaves lanceolate-spatulate. 7. G. Norvegicum. 



Bracts brownish tipped; stem leaves linear. 8. G. sylvaticum. 



Leaves spatulate, obtuse or obtusish; heads 2" to 2%" high; eastern and southern. 



9. G. purpiirenm. 



i. Gnaphalium obtusifolium L,. Sweet 



or White Balsam. Sweet or Fragrant 



Life Everlasting. (Fig. 3851.) 



Gnaphalium obtiisifolium L. Sp. PI. 851. 1753. 



G. polycephalum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 127. 1803. 



Annual or winter-annual, fragrant; stem erect, 

 simple, or branched above, tomentose, i-3 high. 

 Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, sessile, 

 acute or acutish, or the lower obtuse at the apex, 

 narrowed at the base, densely white-woolly be- 

 neath, glabrate and commonly dark green above, 

 i / -3 / long, i"-\" wide, the margins undulate; 

 Leads in numerous corymbose or paniculate clus- 

 ters of 1-5, about 3 // high; bracts of the involucre 

 white, or tinged with brown, oblong, thin and 

 scarious, obtuse, the outer woolly at the base; 

 pappus-bristles distinct, separately deciduous; 

 achenes glabrous. 



In dry, mosth' open places, Nova Scotia to Florida, 

 Manitoba, Missouri and Texas. Other names are Pov- 

 erty-, Chafe- or Balsam-weed, Old-field Balsam, Indian 

 Posey. Leaves of winter rosettes oblong. Aug.-Sept. 



2. Gnaphalium Helleri Britton. Heller's 



Everlasting. (Fig. 3852.) 

 G. Helleri Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 280. 1893. 

 Similar to the preceding species, corymbosely or 



I/O 



somewhat paniculately branched above, i^"-2^ 

 high, the stem and branches densely glandular- 

 pubescent, not tomentose. Leaves oblong-lanceo- 

 late, sessile, acuminate at both ends, green and 

 hispidulous above, white-tomentose beneath, the 

 larger about 2 / long and 5" wide, the uppermost 

 much smaller and narrower ; heads very numerous, 

 corymbose or corymbose-paniculate, sessile or short- 

 peduncled in the clusters, about 2^" broad; invo- 

 lucre oblong, or becoming campanulate, 3" high, 

 its bracts bright white, tomentose, the outer oblong, 

 the inner linear-oblong, all obtuse ; pappus-bristles 

 distinct to the base, separately deciduous ; achenes 

 glabrous. 

 In fields, southeastern Virginia to Georgia. Sept.-Oct. 



3. Gnaphalium decurrens Ives. Clammy Everlast- 



ing . W inged Cudweed. (Fig. 3853.) 



Gnaphalium decurrens Ives, Am. Journ. Sci. 1: 380. pi. 1. 1819. 



Annual or biennial, similar to the two preceding species, frag- 

 rant; stem very leafy, glandular- viscid, corymbosely branched 

 above, 2-3 c high. Leaves lanceolate or broadly linear, acutish 

 at the apex, densely white-woolly beneath, glabrate or loosely 

 ^woolly above, sessile and decurrent on the stem at the base, 

 i / -3 / long, 2 // -3 // wide, or the lowest shorter and slightly 

 spatulate; heads in several or numerous corymbose glomerules 

 of 2-6, about 3" high; bracts of the involucre white or brownish, 

 ovate, acutish or the inner lanceolate and acute, the outer woolly 

 at the base ; pappus-bristles distinct, separately deciduous ; 

 achenes glabrous. 



In open, moist or dry places, Nova Scotia to Pennsylvania, west to 

 western Ontario, Michigan and British Columbia, south in the Rocky 

 Mountains to Arizona. Also called Sweet Balsam and Balsam -weed. 

 July-Sept. 



26 



