Genus 51.] 



THISTLE FAMILY. 



409 



1. Chrysogonum Virginianum L,. 

 Chrysogonum. (Fig. 3871.) 



Chrysogonum Virginianum L- Sp. PL 920. 1753. 



Perennial by rootstocks or runners, pubescent 

 or hirsute throughout, branched from the base, 

 or at first acaulescent, 3 / -i2 / high. " Leaves 

 ovate or oblong, obtuse or acutish at the apex, 

 the upper sometimes subcordate at the base , 

 crenate-dentate, rather thin, i / -3 / long, y'-2' 

 wide, the basal ones with petioles as long as the 

 blade or longer, those of the upper ones shorter; 

 peduncles i / -4 / long; heads i'-i^' broad; outer 

 bracts of the involucre obtuse; rays about 5, 

 4 // -7 // long. 



In dry soil, southern Pennsylvania to Florida. 

 April-July. 



Chrysogonum Virginianum dentatum A. Gray, Bot. 

 Gaz. 7: 31. 1882. 



Leaves dentate, the teeth and acutish apex mu- 

 cronulate; outer bracts of the involucre acute. High Island, Potomac River, near Washington. 



52. BERLANDIERA DC. Prodr. 5: 517. 1836. 



Perennial canescent or pubescent herbs, with alternate leaves and rather large, peduncled 

 solitary or corymbose heads of both tubular and radiate yellow flowers. Involucre de- 

 pressed-hemispheric, its bracts imbricated in about 3 series, the outermost small, mostly 

 oblong, the second series broader, oval or obovate, the inner membranous, similar, reticu- 

 lated when mature, subtending the ray-flowers and exceeding the disk. Receptacle nearly 

 flat, chaffy, the chaff subtending the disk-flowers. Ray-flowers 5-12, pistillate, fertile. 

 Disk-flowers perfect, tubular, sterile, their corollas 5-toothed. Anthers entire, or minutely 

 2-toothed at the base. Style of the tubular flowers undivided, hirsute. Achenes obovate, 

 compressed, not winged, i-ribbed on the inner side, the pappus obsolete, early deciduous or 

 of 2 caducous awns. [Named after J. L. Berlandier, a Swiss botanical collector in Texas and 

 Mexico.] 



About 5 species, natives of the southern United States and Mexico. 



1. B. Texana. 



2. B. lyrata. 



Stem leafy; leaves ovate to oblong, crenate. 



Plant acaulescent, or nearly so; leaves lyrate-pinnatifid 



i. Berlandiera Texana DC. 



Texan Berlandiera. 



(Fig. 3872.) 



Berlandiera Texana DC. Prodr. 5: 517. 1836. 



Hirsute-pubescent throughout; stem 

 erect, branched above, or simple, 2-^ 

 high, leafy. Leaves ovate, or the basal ob- 

 long, crenate, acutish or obtuse at the 

 apex, rounded or cordate at the base, 2 / -4 A 

 long, i / -2 / wide, the upper sessile, the 

 lower petioled; heads few or several, l / 

 \Yz' broad, in a terminal corymbose-cymose 

 cluster; peduncles X'-iJ^' long; inner 

 bracts of the involucre twice as large as 

 the outer. 



In dry soil, Missouri and Kansas to Arkan- 

 sas and Louisiana. July-Aug. 



