412 



COMPOSITAE. 



[Vol. IIL 



i. Crassina grandiflora (Nutt.) Kuntze. 

 Prairie Zinnia. (Fig. 3877.) 



Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (II) 



7:348. 1 841. 

 Crassina grandiflora Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 331. 



1 891. 



Perennial, woody at the base, tufted, much 

 branched, rough, 4 / -6 / high. Leaves rather rigid, 

 linear to linear-lanceolate, entire, 6 // -i5'' / long, 

 T-Yz" wide, or less, connate at the base, acute or 

 acutish, crowded; heads numerous, peduncled, 

 terminating the branches, io // -i8 // broad; rays 

 4 or 5, broad, yellow, rounded, or emarginate, 

 their achenes with a pappus of 2 or 4 awns ; in- 

 volucre campanulate-cylindric, 3 // -4 // high; 

 style-branches of the disk-flowers subulate. 



In dry soil, Kansas and Colorado to Texas, Mexico- 

 and Arizona. June-Sept. 



56. HELIOPSIS Pers. Syn. 2: 473. 1807. 



Perennial herbs (a tropical species annual), with opposite petioled 3-ribbed leaves, and 

 large peduncled terminal and axillary heads of tubular and radiate yellow flowers. Invo- 

 lucre hemispheric or broadly campanulate, its bracts oblong or lanceolate, imbricated in 2 

 or 3 series. Peceptacle convex or conic, chaffy, the chaff enveloping the disk-flowers. 

 Ray-flowers pistillate, fertile, the rays spreading, the tube very short, commonly persistent 

 on the achene. Disk-flowers perfect, the tube short, the limb elongated, 5-toothed. An- 

 thers entire, or minutely 2-toothed at the base. Style-branches tipped with small hirsute 

 appendages. Achenes thick, obtusely 3-4-angled, the summit truncate. Pappus none, or 

 of 2-4 teeth, or a coroniform border. [Greek, sun-like.] 



About 6 species, natives of America. Besides the following, two others occur in the southern 

 and southwestern United States. 



Leaves smooth, or nearly so; pappus none, or of 2-4 stout teeth. 1. H. helianthoides^ 



Leaves rough; pappus crown-like, or of 1-3 sharp teeth. 2. H. scabra. 



Heliopsis helianthoides (L,.) B.S.P. 



(Fig. 3878.) 



Bnphthalmitm helianthoides L- Sp. PI. 904. 

 1753- 



Heliopsis laevis Pers. Syn. 2: 473. 1807. 



Heliopsis helianthoides B.S.P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 

 28. 1888. 



Stem glabrous, branched above, 3-5 high. 

 Leaves opposite, or rarely in 3's, ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, rather thin, acuminate at 

 the apex, usually abruptly narrowed at the 

 base, sharply and nearly equally dentate, 

 smooth on both sides, or roughish above, 

 3 / -6 / long, i / -2^ / wide; heads long-pedun- 

 cled, somewhat corymbose, i^ / -2^ / broad; 

 rays 9 // -i2 // long, persistent, or at length 

 decaying away from the achenes; bracts of 

 the involucre oblong or linear-oblong, ob- 

 tuse or acutish, the outer commonly longer 

 than the inner; achenes glabrous, the summit 

 truncate; pappus none, or of 2-4 short teeth. 



Ox-eye. False Sunflower. 



In open places, Ontario to Florida, west to 

 Illinois and Kentucky. July-Sept. 



