Genus 56.] 



THISTLE FAMILY, 



413 



2. Heliopsis scabra Dunal. Rough 

 Ox-eye. (Fig. 3879.) 



Heliopsis scabra Dunal, Mem. Mus. Paris, 5: 56. 



pi. 4. 1819. 

 Heliopsis laevis var. scabra T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2: 



303. 1842. 



Similar to the preceding species, but stem 

 rough, at least above, simple or branched, 2-4 

 high. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute 

 or sometimes acuminate, sharply dentate, rough 

 on both sides, firm, 2 / -5 / long, \y z '-i' wide, 

 abruptly narrowed at the base, short-petioled; 

 heads few, or sometimes solitary, long-pedun- 

 cled, 2 / -2^ / broad; rays usually 1/ long, or 

 more; bracts of the involucre canescent, oblong 

 or linear-oblong; achenes pubescent on the 

 margins when young; pappus a short laciniate 

 crown, or 1-3 sharp teeth. 



Usually in dry soil, Maine to New York, New Jer- 

 sey, Illinois, British Columbia, and Arkansas. June- 

 Sept. 



57. ECLIPTA L. Mant. PI. 2: 157. 1771. 



Erect or diffuse branching pubescent or hirsute herbs, with opposite leaves, and small 

 peduncled terminal and axillary heads of tubular and radiate whitish flowers. Involucre 

 hemispheric or broadly campanulate, its bracts imbricated in about 2 series, nearly equal, or 

 the outer longer. Receptacle flat or convex, chaffy, the chaff awn-like, subtending the 

 achenes. Ray-flowers pistillate, fertile. Disk-flowers perfect, mostly fertile, their corollas 

 tubular, 4-toothed or rarely 5-toothed. Anthers entire or minutely 2-toothed at the base. 

 Style-branches of the disk-flowers with obtuse or triangular tips. Achenes thick, those of 

 the rays 3-sided, those of the disk compressed. Pappus none, or of a few short teeth. 

 [Greek, wanting, referring to the absence of pappus.] 



About 4 species, mostly of tropical distribution. 



i. Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. Eclipta. 

 (Fig. 3880.) 



Verbesina alba L. Sp. PI. 902. 1753. 



Eclipla erecta L- Mant. 2: 286. 1771. 



Eclipta procumbens Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 129. 1803. 



Eclipta alba Hassk. PI. Jav. Rar. 528. 1848. 



Annual, rough with appressed pubescence, erect or 

 diffuse, 6 / -3 high. Leaves lanceolate, oblong-lance- 

 olate or linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, den- 

 ticulate or entire, narrowed to a sessile base, or the 

 lower petioled, I/-5' long, 2 // -io // wide; heads com- 

 monly numerous, 3 // -6 // broad, nearly sessile, or 

 slender-peduncled; rays short, nearly white; anthers 

 brown; achenes 4-toothed, or at length truncate. 



Along streams, and in waste places, southern New York 

 to Illinois and Nebraska, south to Florida, Texas and 

 Mexico. Naturalized from tropical America and widely 

 distributed in warm regions as a weed. July-Oct. 



58. TETRAGONOTHECA L. Sp. PI. 903. 1753. 



Erect perennial mostly branched herbs, with opposite, sessile or connate-perfoliate, 

 broad dentate leaves, and large peduncled heads of tubular and radiate yellow flowers. In- 

 volucre depressed-hemispheric, its principal bracts 4, large and foliaceous, inserted in 1 series; 

 inner bracts 6-15, small, subtending the pistillate ray-flowers. Receptacle conic, chaffy, the 

 chaff concave, enwrapping the perfect fertile disk-flowers, the corollas of wmich are slender 

 and 5-toothed. Anthers entire or minutely 2-toothed at the base. Style-branches of the 

 disk-flowers hispid, tipped with elongated appendages. Achenes thick, 4-sided, truncate at 

 the summit. Pappus none, or of several short scales. [Greek, 4-angled-case, referring to 

 the involucre. ] 



Three known species, natives of the southern United States and northern Mexico. 



