Genus 6r.] 



THISTLE FAMILY. 



419 



Don. Long-headed or Prairie 



2. Ratibida columnaris (Sims) D. 

 Cone-flower. (Fig. 3893.) 



Rudbeckia columnaris Sims, Bot. Mag. pi. 1601. 



181 3. 

 Ratibida columnaris D. Don; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 



2: 361. 1838. 

 Lepachys columnaris T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2: 3^3. 1842. 

 Lepachys columnaris var. pulclnrrimaJT. & G. loc. 



cit. 1842. 



Perennial, strigose-pubescent and scabrous; 

 stem slender, usually branched, i-2^ high. 

 Leaves thick, pinnately divided into linear or 

 linear-oblong, acute or obtuse, entire dentate or 

 cleft segments, the cauline short-petioled or ses- 

 sile, 2 / -4 / long, the basal ones sometimes oblong, 

 obtuse and undivided, slender- petioled; bracts of 

 the involucre short, linear -lanceolate or subulate, 

 reflexed; rays 4-10, yellow, brown at the base, or 

 brown all over, 4 // -i5 // long, drooping; disk 

 gray, elongated-conic or cylindric, obtuse, at 

 length 3 or 4 times as long as thick; chaff of the 

 receptacle canescent at the apex; achenes scar- 

 ious-margined or narrowly winged on the inner 

 side; pappus of 1 or 2 subulate teeth usually with 

 several short intermediate scales. 



On dry prairies, Northwest Territory to Minnesota, Nebraska, Texas and Arizona, 

 nessee. May-Aug. 



Also in Ten- 



3. Ratibida Tagetes (James) 



Barnhart. Short-rayed Cone-flower. 



(Fig. 3894.) 



Rudbeckia Tagetes James in Long's Exp. 2: 68. 



1823. 

 Lepachys Tagetes A. Gray, Pac. R. R. Rep. 4: 103. 



1856. 

 Ratibida Tagetes Barnhart, Bull. Torr. Club, 24: 



100. 1897. 



Perennial, rough-canescent; stem i-i^ 

 high, usually much branched, leafy. Leaves 

 firm, pinnately divided into 3-7 narrowly linear, 

 mostly entire segments; peduncles terminal, ]/ 2 f - 

 i' long; heads i / broad, or less; bracts of the 

 receptacle narrow, deflexed; rays few, mostly 

 shorter than the globose to short-oval disk; style- 

 tips obtuse; achenes scarious-margined; pappus 

 of 1 or 2 subulate deciduous teeth, with no short 

 intermediate teeth. 



On dry plains and rocky hills, Kansas to Texas, 

 Chihuahua, New Mexico and Arizona. July-Sept. 



62. BRAUNERIA Neck. Elem. i: 17. 1790. 

 [Echinacea Moench, Meth. 59 r. 1794.] 



Perennial erect branched or simple herbs, w T ith thick black roots, thick rough alternate or 

 opposite 3-5-nerved entire or dentate undivided leaves, and large long-peduncled heads of tu- 

 bular and radiate flowers, the rays purple, purplish or crimson, the disk green or purple, at 

 length ovoid or conic. Involucre depressed-hemispheric, its bracts lanceolate, spreading or 

 appressed, imbricated in 2-4 series. Receptacle conic, chaffy, the chaff carinate and cuspi- 

 date. Ray-flowers neutral, or with a rudimentary pistil. Disk-flowers perfect, the corolla 

 cylindric, 5-toothed. Achenes 4-sided, obpyramidal, thick. Pappus a short dentate crown. 

 [Named for Jacob Brauner, a German botanist of the 18th century.] 



Two known species, natives of eastern and central North America. 

 Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, mostly dentate. 1. B. purpurea. 



Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, entire. 2. B. pallida. 



