Genus 78.] 



THISTLE FAMILY. 



451 



3. Helenium tenuifolium Nutt. 



* 



Fine-leaved Sneezeweed. (Fig. 3974.) 



Helenium tenuifolium Nutt. Journ. Phil. Acad. 

 7:66. 1834. 



Annual; glabrous or minutely pubescent 

 above; stem slender, very leafy and usually 

 much branched, 8 / -24 / high. Leaves all lin- 

 ear-filiform, entire, sessile, often fascicled, y 2 f - 

 iyi' long, ]/z" or less wide; heads several or 

 numerous, corymbose, <$"-i$" broad, borne on 

 slender or filiform peduncles; bracts of the in- 

 volucre few, linear or subulate, sometimes pu- 

 bescent, soon reflexed; rays 4-S, fertile, 3-4- 

 toothed, at length drooping, longer than the 

 globose disk; achenes villous; pappus-scales 

 ovate, tipped with slender awns. 



In moist soil, southeastern Virginia to Florida, 

 Missouri, Arkansas and Texas. Aug.-Oct. 



79. GAILLARDIA Foug. Mem. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1786: 5. pi. 1, 2. 1786. 



Branching or scapose, more or less pubescent herbs, with alternate or basal leaves, and 

 large peduncled heads of both tubular and radiate flowers, or rays wanting. Involucre de- 

 pressed-hemispheric, or flatter, its bracts imbricated in 2 or 3 series, their tips spreading or 

 reflexed. Receptacle convex or globose, bristly, fimbrillate or nearly naked. Rays cuneate, 

 yellow, purple, or parti-colored, neutral or rarely pistillate, 3-toothed or 3-lobed. Disk-flow- 

 ers perfect, fertile, their corollas with slender tubes and 5-toothed limbs, the teeth pubescent 

 with jointed hairs. Anthers minutely sagittate or auricled at the base. Style-branches 

 tipped with filiform or short appendages. Achenes turbinate, 5-ribbed, densely villous, at 

 least at the base. Pappus of 6-12, i-nerved awned scales, longer than the achene. [Named 

 for M. Gaillard de Marentonneau, a French botanist.] 



About 12 species, natives of the south-central part of the United States, and Mexico, 1 in 

 southern South America. All the following called in Texas Blanket-flower. 

 Stem leafy: style-tips with filiform hispid appendages. 



Fimbrillae of the receptacle obsolete, or short; southern. 1. G. lanceolata. 



Fimbrillae subulate or bristle-like, mostly longer than the achenes. 



Rays yellow; fimbrillae exceeding the achenes. 2. G. aristata. 



Rays purple, or red at base; fimbrillae about equalling the achenes. 3. G. pulchella. 



Leaves basal; style-tips with short naked appendages; rays none, or few. 4. G. suavis. 



i. Gaillardia lanceolata Michx. 

 Sweet Gaillardia. (Fig. 3975.) 



Gaillardia lanceolata Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 142. 

 1803. 



Annual, or perhaps perennial; stem puberulent 

 with jointed hairs,orcinereous,usually branched, 

 i}4-3 bigh, the branches straight, nearly erect. 

 Stem-leaves sessile, spatulate or linear, entire or 

 sparingly serrate, puberulent, ciliolate, acute or 

 obtusish and mucronulateat the apex, narrowed 

 to the base, i / -3 / long, 2 // -4 // wide; basal leaves 

 broader, very obtuse, sometimes short-petioled; 

 heads i / -2 / broad, long-peduncled; flowerssweet- 

 scented; bracts of the involucre about equalling 

 the violet disk; rays S-12, yellow or reddish with 

 darker veins,rarely none; style- tips with filiform 

 hispid appendages; achenes villous at the base, 

 or to beyond the middle; fimbrillae of the recep- 

 tacle short or none; awns of the pappus slender. 



In dry woods, Kansas to Texas, east to South 

 Carolina and Florida. May-Sept. 



