472 



COMPOSITAE. 



3. Arnica Chamissonis 

 Chamisso's Arnica. (Fig. 



[Vol. III. 



Less. 

 4026.) 



Arnica Chamissonis Less. Linnaea, 6: 317. 1831. 

 Arnica mollis Hook. PI. Bor. Am. 1:331. 1833. 



Villous-pubesceut; stem simple, or little 

 branched, \-2% high, bearing 1-6 heads at 

 the summit. Leaves oblong or oblong-lan- 

 ceolate, dentate or entire, acute or obtuse, 

 2 / -5 / long, 3 // ~9 // wide, the lower and basal 

 ones narrowed into petioles, the upper ses- 

 sile, and usually somewhat connate by a 

 broad or narrowed base, those of the stem 

 3-5 pairs, usually with some alternate small 

 ones on the branches; heads i / -2 / broad; 

 bracts of the involucre acute; rays 10-15, 3" 

 toothed; achenes hirsute-pubescent. 



Mountains of northern New York, New 

 Hampshire and Maine to New Brunswick, west 

 to Lake Superior, Alaska and California, south 

 in the Rocky Mountains to Utah and Colorado. 

 June-Aug. 



4. Arnica alpina (L,.) Olin. Mountain Tobacco. Arctic Leopard' s-bane. 



Arctic Arnica. (Fig. 4027.) 



Arnica montana var. alpina L. Sp. PI. 884. 



1753- 

 Arnica alpina Olm, Mon. Arn. Upsala. 1799. 

 Arnica angustifolia Vahl, Fl. Dan. pi. 1524. 



1814. 



Similar to the preceding species, but smaller 

 and more slender, d'-i^' high, villous or pu- 

 bescent. Stem simple, usually bearing but a 

 single head, but sometimes with 1-3 addi- 

 tional ones from the axils of the upper leaves; 

 leaves lanceolate, linear-oblong, or the lowest 

 spatulate, thickish, entire or denticulate, 3- 

 nerved, the basal ones petioled, those of 

 the stem 1-3 pairs, sessile or short-petioled, 

 scarcely connate, the upper pair usually 

 much smaller than the lower ones; heads 

 about 2 / broad; rays 10-15, toothed; achenes 

 hirsute or glabrate. 



Labrador to Greenland and the Arctic Sea, 

 west to Manitoba (according to Macoun), Alaska 

 and British Columbia, south in the Sierra Ne- 

 vada to California and in the Rocky Mountains 

 to Colorado. Also in northern Europe. May- 

 Sept. 



92. ERECHTITES Raf. Fl. Ludov. 65. 1817. 



Erect, usually branching herbs, with alternate leaves, and (in our species) rather large 

 discoid many-flowered heads of whitish flowers, corymbose-paniculate at the ends of the 

 stem and branches. Involucre cylindric, swollen at the base, its principal bracts in 1 series, 

 linear, with or without some much smaller outer ones. Receptacle concave, naked. Mar- 

 ginal flowers in 2-several series, pistillate, fertile, their corollas filiform, the limb 2-4-toothed. 

 Central flowers perfect, fertile; corolla narrowly tubular, the limb 4-5-toothed, the style- 

 branches elongated, truncate or obtuse at the summit. Anthers obtuse and entire at the base. 

 Achenes linear-oblong, angled or striate. Pappus of copious capillary soft smooth white 

 bristles. [Ancient name of some groundsel.] 



About 12 species, natives of America and Australasia. The following is the only one known to 

 occur in North America. 



