Vox.. II.] 

 Family 24. 



MAGNOLIA FAMILY. 



47 



1805. 



MAGNOLIACEAE J. St. Hil. Expos. Fam. 2: 74. 



MAGNOLIA FAMILY. 



Trees or shrubs, with alternate entire or rarely lobed leaves, large solitary 

 flowers, and bitter aromatic bark. Sepals and petals arranged in 3's, hypogy- 

 nous, deciduous. Stamens co ; anthers adnate. Carpels co , separate or coher- 

 ent, borne on the surface of the elongated receptacle, ripening into an aggregate 

 fruit composed of i-a-seeded dry or fleshy follicles or achenes. 



About 10 genera and 70 species, of wide geographic distribution. 



Anthers introrse; leaves entire, or with 2 basal lobes. 

 Anthers extrorse; leaves lobed or truncate. 



1. Magnolia. 



2. Liriodendron . 



i. MAGNOLIA L. Sp. PI. 535- i?53- 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves large and generally thick, entire. Buds covered with condu- 

 plicate sheathing stipules. Flowers large, fragrant. Sepals 3, petaloid. Petals 6-12, imbri- 

 cated in 2-4 series. Anthers linear, introrse. Carpels spiked or capitate on the elevated or 

 elongated receptacle, 2-ovuled, forming follicles at maturity. Seeds fleshy, suspended from 

 the ripe cones by slender filamentous threads. [In honor of Pierre Magnol, 1638-1715, 

 Professor of Botany in Montpellier. ] 



A genus of about 15 species, natives of eastern North America, eastern Asia and the Himalayas. 



Leaves auriculate, glabrous. 



Leaves cordate, white -pubescent beneath. 



Leaves acute at base. 



Leaves 8' -20' long, light green and somewhat pubescent beneath. 



Leaves 3' -6' long, glaucous beneath. 

 Leaves rounded or truncate at the base, thin. 



1. M. Fraseri. 



2. M. macrophylla. 



3. M. tripetala. 



4. M. Virginiana. 



5. M. acuminata. 



i. Magnolia Fraseri Walt. Fraser's Magnolia. 

 Long- or Ear-leaved Umbrella-tree. (Fig. 1537. ) 



Magnolia Fraseri Walt. Fl. Car. 159. 1788. 

 Magnolia auricnlata Lam. Encycl. 3: 673. 1789. 



A tree 25-5o high, the trunk s'-iS' in diameter, 

 straight, the branches widely spreading. Leaf-buds 

 glabrous; leaves clustered at the ends of the branches, 

 auriculate, 6'- 15' long, 3'-S' broad, elongated-obovate or 

 oblong, contracted below, glabrous, the lower surface 

 light green, the upper surface darker; petioles slender, 

 i '-3' long; flowers white, 3 / -8 / broad; petals spatulate 

 or obovate, obtuse, much longer than the sepals; cone 

 of fruit $'-4' long, rose-colored when mature. 



In mountain woods, Virginia and Kentucky to Florida 

 and Mississippi. Heart-wood soft, brown; sap-wood white. 

 Weight per cubic foot 31 Ibs. May-June. 



2. Magnolia macrophylla Michx. Great- 

 leaved Magnolia. Large-leaved Umbrella- 

 tree, or Cucumber-tree. (Fig. 1538.) 



Magnolia macrophylla Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i: 327. 1803. 

 A tree 2o-6o high, the trunk 6'-2o' in diameter, 

 bark gray. Leaf-buds silky-pubescent; leaves ob- 

 long or obovate, blunt, cordate, i-3>^ long, 8 / -i4 / 

 broad, glabrous and green above, glaucous-white and 

 pubescent beneath; petioles stout, 2 / -4 / long; flowers 

 8 // -i5 / in diameter, white with a large purple centre; 

 petals ovate-oblong, obtuse, thrice the length of the 

 rounded sepals; cone of fruit ovoid-cylindric, 4 / -6 / 

 long, bright rose-colored at maturity. 



In woods, southeastern Kentucky to Florida, west to 

 Arkansas and Louisiana. Heart-wood brown, satiny, 

 hard; sap-wood light yellow; weight per cubic foot 33 Ibs. 

 May-June. 



