VOL. II.] CROWFOOT FAMILY. 65 



g. Anemone trifolia L,. Mountain Anemone. (Fig. 1577.) 



Anemone trifolia L,. Sp. PI. 540. 1753. 



Anemone lancifolia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 387. 

 1814. 



Stout, 6 / -i6 / tall, nearly glabrous through- 

 out. Basal leaves mostly 3-divided (some- 

 times 4-5 -divided), long-petioled, dentate, 

 often somewhat lobed; involucral leaves 

 stout, petioled, 3-parted, the divisions oblong- 

 lanceolate, acute or acuminate at the apex, 

 dentate, often slightly lobed, 1'-$' long; 

 flower solitary, white, i / -i^ / broad when 

 expanded; peduncles i / -4 / long; sepals ob- 

 long; head of fruit globose, 5 // -6 // in dia- 

 meter; achenes 10-20, oblong, finely pubes- 

 cent, tipped with the hooked style. 



Southern Pennsylvania, southwestern Vir- 

 ginia and North Carolina, chiefly in the moun- 

 tains; in Virginia usually in company with the 

 Lily-of-the- Valley. Also in the south Austrian 

 Alps and the mountains of northern Italy. 

 May. 



15. HEPATICA Scop. Fl. Cam. 567. 1760. 



Perennial scapose herbs, with long-petioled thick 3-lobed evergreen basal leaves, and 

 large white or purple flowers, solitary on slender scapes. Involucre of 3 small sessile leaves 

 close under the flowers, simulating a calyx. Sepals membranous, petal-like. Stamens all 

 anther-bearing. Achenes short-beaked, pubescent. [Name ancient, from the supposed re- 

 semblance of the leaves to the liver.] 



A genus of about 4 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Only the following are known 

 from North America. 



Lobes of the leaves rounded or obtuse. 

 Lobes of the leaves acute. 



1. H. Hepatica. 



2. H. acuta. 



i. Hepatica Hepatica (L.) Karst. Round-lobed or Kidney Liver-leaf. 

 Noble Liverwort. (Fig. 1578.) 



Anemone Hepatica L. Sp. PI. 538. 1753. 



Hepatica triloba Chaix in Vill. Hist. PI. 

 Dauph. i: 336. 1786. 



Hepatica Hepatica Karst. Deutsch. Fl. 

 559. 1880-83. 



Scapes 4 / -6 / high, villous; roots fi- 

 brous. Leaves long-petioled, reniform, 

 2 / -2^ / broad when mature, spreading 

 on the ground, 3-lobed, and the lobes 

 sometimes toothed or again lobed, ob- 

 tuse; involucre of 3 sessile obtuse ob- 

 long leaves immediately under the 

 flower; flowers blue, purple or white, 

 6 // -io // broad; sepals oval or oblong, ob- 

 tuse, longer than the stamens; achenes 

 several, -2" long, oblong, acute, hairy. 



In woods, often in large tufts, Nova 

 Scotia to northern Florida, west to Mani- 

 toba, Iowa and Missouri. Ascends to 2600 

 ft. in Virginia. Also in Europe and Asia. 

 Dec.-May. 



