228 



ROSACEAE. 



[VOL. II. 



19. SANGUISORBA L. Sp. PI. 116. 1753. 



Erect, mostly perennial herbs, sometimes decumbent at the base, with alternate odd-pin- 

 nate stipulate leaves and small perfect or polygamo-dioecious flowers in dense terminal 

 peduncled spikes or heads. Calyx-tube turbinate, constricted at the throat, persistent, 4- 

 lobed, the lobes petaloid, deciduous. Petals none. Stamens 4-w , inserted on the throat of 

 the calyx; filaments filiform, elongated, exserted; anthers short; carpels 1-3, enclosed in 

 the calyx-tube. Style filiform, terminal. Achene usually i, enclosed in the dry angled 

 calyx. Seed pendulous. [Latin, blood-staunching, from its supposed properties.] 



About 20 species, natives of the north temperate zone. In addition to the following, 2 or 3 

 others occur in the western parts of North America. 



Flowers capitate, greenish; stamens numerous; leaflets 6"-io" long. i. 5". Sanguisorba. 



Flowers white, spicate; stamens 4; leaflets i'~3' long. 2. 5. Canadensis. 



i. Sanguisorba Sanguisorba (I/.) 

 Britton. Salad Burnet. (Fig. 1963.) 



Poterium Sanguisorba L. Sp. PI. 994. 1753. 

 Sanguisorba Sanguisorba Britton, Mem. Torr. 



Club, 5: 189. 1894. 



Glabrous or pubescent, erect, slender, peren- 

 nial, branched, lo'-ao' high. Stipules usually 

 small, laciniate; leaflets 7-19, ovate or broadly 

 oval, deeply incised, short-stalked or sessile, 

 6 // -io // long; flowers greenish, in dense pe- 

 duncled globose-ovoid heads 3 // -6 // long, the 

 lower ones staminate, the upper perfect; stamens 

 numerous, drooping; stigma tufted, purple; 

 calyx-lobes ovate, acute or acutish; fruit i // -2 // 

 long. 



In dry or rocky soil and in ballast, southern On- 

 tario, New York and Pennsylvania to Maryland. 

 Naturalized or adventive from Europe and native 

 also of Asia. Summer. Called also Garden Burnet, 

 Bloodwott, Pimpernelle, and Toper's Plant. 



2. Sanguisorba Canadensis L. 

 American Great Burnet. (Fig. 1964.) 



Sanguisorba Canadensis L. Sp. PI. H7. 1753. 

 Poterium Canadense A. Gray, Man. Ea. 5, 150. 1867. 



Glabrous or slightly pubescent toward the 

 base, erect, branched above, i-6 high, the 

 branches erect. Stipules often foliaceous and 

 dentate; basal leaves long-petioled, sometimes 2 

 long; leaflets 7-15, ovate, oblong, or oval, obtuse 

 or acutish, cordate or obtuse at the base, serrate 

 with acute teeth, stalked, 1'-$' long; flowers 

 white, perfect, bracteolate at the base, in dense 

 terminal showy spikes i'-6' long; stamens 4; fila- 

 ments long-exserted, white; achene enclosed in 

 the 4-anglcd calyx. 



In swamps and low meadows, Newfoundland to 

 Michigan, south to Georgia. July-Oct. 



20. ROSA L. Sp. PI. 491. 1753. 



Erect or climbing shrubs, generally with subterranean rootstocks. Stems commonly 

 prickly. Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate. Stipules adnate to the petiole. Flowers corymbose 

 or solitary, red, pink or white (in our species). Calyx-tube cup-shaped or urn-shaped, con- 

 stricted at the throat, becoming fleshy in fruit, 5- (rarely 4-) lobed, the lobes imbricated, 

 spreading, deciduous or persistent. Petals 5 (rarely 4), spreading. Stamens oo , inserted on 

 the hollow annular disk. Carpels oo , sessile at the bottom of the calyx; ovaries commonly 

 pubescent; styles distinct or united. Achenes numerous, enclosed in the berry-like fruiting 

 calyx-tube. Seed pendulous. [The ancient Latin name of the rose.] 



