POMACEAE. 



[Vol.. II. 



5. Malus Malus (L.) Britton. Apple. 

 (Fig. 1982.) 



Pyrus Malus L. Sp. PI. 479. 1753. 



Malus sylveslris Mill. Gard. Diet. Ed. 8, no. i. 1768. 



A large tree with spreading branches, the trunk 

 sometimes reaching a diameter of 3 in cultiva- 

 tion. Leaves petioled, broadly ovate or oval, 

 obtuse or abruptly pointed at the apex, rounded 

 or slightly cordate at the base \'-$' long, dentate 

 or nearly entire, glabrous or nearly so above, 

 pubescent and often woolly beneath, especially 

 when young; pedicels generally tomentose, i / -2 / 

 long; flowers pink, or white, i/4 / -3 / broad; calyx 

 tomentose; fruit depressed-globose or elongated, 

 hollowed at the base, 1%'-$' in diameter. 



In woods and thickets, frequent in southern New 

 York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Our common 

 apple, introduced from Europe and escaped from 

 cultivation. Native also of western Asia. Wood 

 hard, reddish brown; weight per cubic foot 50 Ibs. 

 April-May. 



4. ARON1A Pers. Syn. a: 39. 1807. 



Low shrubs, with alternate simple petioled finely serrate leaves, the upper side of the 

 midrib glandular, the narrow stipules early deciduous. Flowers small, white or pink, in 

 terminal compound cymes. Calyx urn-shaped, 5-lobed. Petals 5, concave, spreading. 

 Stamens numerous. Styles 3-5, united at the base. Ovary woolly. Pome small, globose 

 or somewhat top-shaped, not hollowed at the base, its carpels rather leathery. [Name 

 modified from Aria, the Beam-tree of Europe.] 



The genus consists of the following species: 



Cyme and lower surfaces of the leaves woolly: fruit bright red. i. A. arbutifolia. 



Cymes and leaves glabrous or nearly so; fruit black or purplish. 2. A. nigra. 



i. Aronia arbutifdlia (L.) Ell. Red Choke-berry. (Fig. 1983.) 



Mespilus arbutifolia L. Sp. PI. 478. 1753. 

 Pyrus arbutifolia L. f. Suppl. 256. 1781. 

 Mespilus arbutifolia var. erythrocarpa 



Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i: 292. 1803. 

 Aronia arbutifolia EH. Hot. S. C. & Ga. i: 



556. 1821. 



A branching shrub, sometimes reaching 

 a height of 12, but usually much lower. 

 Leaves petioled, oval, oblong or obovate, 

 obtuse or abruptly short-pointed at the 

 apex, narrowed or somewhat cuneate at 

 the base, i'-$ f long, serrulate-crenulate, 

 glabrous above, generally densely tomen- 

 tose beneath; cymes terminal, but at 

 length overtopped by the young sterile 

 shoots, compound; flowers white or pur- 

 plish-tinged, 4 // -6 // broad; calyx and 

 pedicels tomentose; pome a // -3 // in diam- 

 eter, globose or somewhat depressed, and 

 bright red when mature. 



In swamps and wet woods, .reported from 

 Nova Scotia to Minnesota, south to Florida 

 and Louisiana. Called also Dogberry Tree. 

 March-May. 



