Vox,. II.] 



APPLE FAMILY. 



237 



2. Aronia nigra (Willd.) Britton. Black 

 Chokeberry. (Fig. 1984.) 



Mespilus arbuiifolia var. nigra Willd. Sp. PI. 2: 1013. 



1800. 

 Mespilus arbutifolia var. melanocarpa Michx. Fl. Bor. 



Am. i : 292. 1803. 



Pyrus nigra Sargent, Card. & For. 3: 416. 1890. 

 Aronia nigra Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 182. 1894. 



A shrub resembling the preceding species, and 

 generally regarded as a variety of it. Leaves obo- 

 vate or oval, obtuse, acute or abruptly acuminate at 

 the apex, narrowed or cuneate at the base, short- 

 petioled, crenulate, dark green above, paler beneath, 

 glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces; flowers simi- 

 lar to the preceding; calyx and pedicels nearly gla- 

 brous; fruit globose or oval, nearly black, or purplish 

 black, 3 // -4 // in diameter. 



In swamps or low woods, or sometimes in drier soil, 

 Nova Scotia to western Ontario, south to Florida and 

 Michigan. Ascends to 6000 ft. in North Carolina. 

 March-June. 



5. AMELANCHIER Medic. Phil. Bot. i: 155. 1789. 

 Shrubs or trees, with alternate simple petioled serrate or entire leaves, unarmed branches, 

 and racemose or rarely solitary white flowers. Calyx-tube campanulate, more or less adnate 

 to the ovary, 5-lobed, the lobes narrow, reflexed, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens oo , inserted 

 on the throat of the calyx; filaments subulate; styles 2-5, connate, pubescent at the base. 

 Ovary wholly or partly inferior, its cavities becoming twice as many as the styles; ovule i 

 in each cavity, erect. Pome small, berry -like, 4-iocelled. Testa of the seed cartilaginous. 

 [The Savoy name of the Medlar.] 



A genus of about 12 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, some 

 3 others occur in western North America and i in Mexico. 

 Flowers several or numerous in the racemes; pome globose. 



Glabrous or pubescent trees and shrubs; leaves usually serrate nearly all around. 

 Leaves acute or acuminate at the apex; top of the ovary glabrous or nearly so. 



Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, glabrous when mature; base cordate or rounded. 



i. A. Canadensis. 



Leaves oblong, oval, ovate or obovate, rarely subcordate at base, densely white-woolly 

 beneath, at least when young. 2. A. Botryapium. 



Leaves rounded, obtuse or subacute at the apex; top of the ovary woolly. 



Low shrub of rocky places, i-2 high; petals 2-4" long. 3. A. spicata. 



Tree or small shrub; petals 5" -8" long. 4. A. rotundifolia. 



Glabrous western shrub; leaves dentate above the middle only. 5. A. alnifoha. 



Flowers only 1-4 in the clusters; pome oblong or obovoid. 6. A. oligocarpa. 



i. Amelanchier Canadensis (I,.) Medic. June-berry. Service-berry. 



May-cherry. (Fig. 1985.) 



Mespilus Canadensis L. Sp. PI. 478. 1753. 

 Crataegus racemosa Lam. Encycl. i: 84. 1783. 

 A. Canadensis Medic. Geschichte, 79. 1793. 



A tree, sometimes reaching the height of 60, 

 with trunk diameter of 2, but usually lower, sel- 

 dom over 25 high. Leaves ovate or oval, acute 

 or acuminate at the apex, rounded or cordate at 

 the base, sharply and finely serrate, sometimes 

 sparingly pubescent when young, soon entirely 

 glabrous, i / -3 / long, or larger on young shoots; 

 racemes spreading or drooping; pedicels long, 

 slender; bracts silky, purplish, deciduous; petals 

 linear, linear-spatulate, or linear-oblong, 6 // -o/ / 

 long, 3-4 times the length of the nearly or quite 

 glabrous calyx; pome globose, red or purple, 

 sweet, about 3" high. 



In dry woodlands, Newfoundland to western On- 

 tario, south to Florida and Louisiana. Wood very 

 hard, brown; weight per cubic foot 49 Ibs. March- 

 May. Fruit ripe June-July. 



