250 



DRUPACEAE. 



[VOL. II. 



10. Prunus spindsa L,. Sloe. 



Blackthorn. Buckthorn. (Fig. 2016.) 



Primus spinosa L. Sp. PI. 475. 1753- 



A much-branched shrub with thorny branches, 

 2-i5 high. Leaves ovate or oblong, obtuse at the 

 apex, narrowed or rounded at the base, serrate, 

 nearly glabrous when mature; flowers white, 4"- 

 6" broad, appearing before the leaves, the lateral 

 clusters only i-2-flowered; drupe globose, nearly 

 black with a bloom, in the wild state about 6" in 

 diameter; stone little flattened, acute on one edge. 



Along roadsides, etc. , Pennsylvania and New Jersey 

 to Massachusetts. Naturalized or adyentive from 

 Europe. Called also Blackberry. April-May. 



Prunus spinosa insititia ( L. ) A. Gray, Man. Ed. 2, 



us. 1856. B ULLAGE. 

 Prunus insititia L> Arnoen. Acad. 4: 273. 1755. 



Taller; leaves and pedicels pubescent ; branches 

 less thorny ; drupe ovoid-globose. Naturalized in 

 eastern Massachusetts. Regarded by many authors as 

 a species, and as the original of the cultivated Euro- 

 pean plums (Prunus domestica I*. ). 



ii. Prunus pumila L,. Sand Cherry. Dwarf Cherry. (Fig. 2017.) 



Prunus pumila L. Mant. PI. 75. ' 1767. 



Cerasus pumila Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. x: 286. 1803. 



Prostrate and spreading or ascending, much 

 branched from the base, sometimes bushy, 6'- 

 6 high. Leaves mostly oblanceolate or spatu- 

 late, acute or acutish at the apex, narrowed at 

 the base, serrate, especially toward the apex, 

 usually pale beneath and deep green above, gla- 

 brous or very nearly so on both sides when ma- 

 ture; flowers white, 4"-5" broad, appearing 

 with the leaves in sessile lateral umbels; clus- 

 ters few-flowered; drupe 4 // -6 // in diameter, 

 dark red or nearly black when mature without 

 bloom; flesh thin, acid. 



On sandy or gravelly shores, New Brunswick to 

 Manitoba, south to Maine, New Jersey and Michi- 

 gan. April-May. Fruit ripe in August. 



12. Prunus cuneata Raf. Appalachian 

 Cherry. (Fig. 2018.) 



Prunus cuneata Raf. Ann. Nat. n. 1820. 



An erect shrub, i-4 high, the branches often 

 strict, light colored. Leaves oval, oblong or 

 obovate, obtuse or sometimes acute at the apex, 

 narrowed or wedge-shaped at the base, more or 

 less serrate with rather appressed teeth, rather 

 thin, i'-3' long, sometimes nearly I'wide; pet- 

 ioles 4 // -io // long; flowers in umbels, appearing 

 with the leaves, about 5" broad; drupe globose, 

 4 // -5 // in diameter when mature; pedicels i' 

 long or less. 



In wet soil, or among rocks, New Hampshire to 

 Minnesota, North Carolina and Wisconsin. 



