VIOLACEAE. 



[VOL. II. 



6. Viola sororia Willd. Woolly Blue 



Violet. (Fig. 2489.) 

 Viola sororia Willd. Enum. 263. 1809. 



Acaulescent, rootstock thick, mainly oblique. 

 Leaves villous, at least when young, sometimes 

 becoming glabrate when old, as long as the scapes 

 or shorter; petioles usually becoming longer 

 than the blades; blades ovate, suborbicular or 

 some of them hastate-reniform, obtuse or acutish 

 at the apex, crenate, cordate or some of them 

 nearly truncate at the base, mostly abruptly nar- 

 rowed into the petiole, none lobed; sepals oblong- 

 lanceolate, obtuse or acute; petals blue, more or 

 less bearded; capsules 4 "-5" long, those of the 

 cleistogamous flowers on spreading or declined 

 peduncles; spur short, rounded. 



In dry soil, preferring shade, southern New York 

 to Michigan, Nebraska, Virginia and Missouri. 

 Blades of old leaves sometimes 5' broad. April-July. 



7. Viola sagittata Ait. Arrow-leaved Violet. 



Viola sagittata AiL Hort. Kew. 3: 287. 1789. 



Acaulescent, glabrous or slightly pubescent ; 

 rootstock stout, short, erect or ascending. 

 Flowering scapes as long as the leaves, 

 or longer, 2 / -o/ high; petioles, or most of 

 them, becoming much longer than the 

 blades; blades oblong, ovate, or lanceolate, 

 obtusish or acute, crenate-dentate, or nearly 

 entire above the middle, cordate or truncate 

 at the base, which is usually laciniately 

 toothed or incised; sepals linear-lanceolate, 

 acuminate; petals dark blue, rarely paler, 

 or white, all but the lower one bearded; 

 stigma short-beaked, not bearded; capsules 

 4"-7 // long, glabrous, those from the abun- 

 dant late cleistogamous flowers on erect 

 peduncles. 



In meadows or marshes, Maine to Minnesota, 

 Georgia and Texas. April-May. 



(Fig. 2490.) 



8. Viola ovata Nutt. Ovate-leaved Violet. 

 (Fig. 2491.) 



Viola ovata Nutt. Gen. x: 148. 1818. 



Viola sagiltala var. ovata T. & G. Fl. N. A. x: 133. 1838. 



Pubescent or often villous, rarely glabrate, stemless; 

 rootstock short, thick, from horizontal to erect. Flow- 

 ering scapes i / -6 / high, usually longer than the leaves; 

 petioles not much longer than the blades, often shorter; 

 blades ovate, lanceolate, or some of the lower ones sub- 

 orbicular, acute or obtuse at the apex, crenate, some- 

 times with a few large teeth at the cordate truncate or 

 abruptly narrowed base; sepals lanceolate, acuminate; 

 corolla and capsules nearly as in V. sagittata, the cap- 

 sules from cleistogamous flowers on erect peduncles. 



In dry soil, preferring woods and thickets, Nova Scotia 

 to Pennsylvania, Missouri and Louisiana. Mature blades 

 sometimes 3^' long by 2' wide. April-May. Blooms ear- 

 lier than V. sagittata, where the two grow in proximity. 



