Vol.. II.] VIOLET FAMILY. 



g. Viola pedata I,. Bird's-foot Violet. (Fig. 2492.) 



449 



Viola pedata L. Sp. PI. 933. 1753. 

 bicolor Pursh; 



Raf. 



Viola pedata var. 



DC. Prodr. i: 291. 1824. 



Glabrous or nearly so, usually tufted, 

 the rootstock short, thick, erect. Flow- 

 ering scapes s'-io' high, about equalling 

 the leaves, or longer ; petioles mostly 

 longer than the blades; blades reniform 

 or suborbicular in outline, g // -2 / wide, 

 pedately parted into 5-11 narrow entire or 

 toothed lobes, outer leaves commonly 

 shorter- petioled, the lobes broader; petals 

 J^'-i' long, beardless, lilac t or blue, or one 

 or the two upper dark purple [var. bi- 

 color], all rarely white; stigma beardless, 

 not beaked; capsules 5" -7" long. 



In dry fields and on hillsides, Maine and 

 southern Ontario to Minnesota, Florida and 

 Missouri. Plant not stoloniferous, and not 

 producing cleistogamous flowers, but fre- 

 quently blooming a second time in autumn. 

 The bicolor form is the type of the species. 

 April-June. 



10. Viola odorata I,. English, March, 



or Sweet Violet. (Fig. 2493.) 

 Viola odorata L. Sp. PL 934. 1753. 



Pubescent, downy, or glabrous, stoloniferous, 

 the stolons leafy, rooting at the nodes, and bear- 

 ing numerous cleistogamous flowers late in the 

 season, the rootstock thick. Petioles 2 / -5 / long; 

 blades broadly ovate or orbicular, rounded or 

 obtuse at the apex, cordate, crenate, i / -2 / wide; 

 flowering scapes about as long as the leaves, or 

 shorter; flowers fragrant, 6 // -io // broad, blue, or 

 in cultivated forms white; sepals oblong, mostly 

 obtuse; petals beardless; pods from cleistoga- 

 mous flowers on short decumbent peduncles. 



Escaped from gardens, Nova Scotia to southern 

 New York and New Jersey, and on the Pacific 

 coast. Native of Europe. March-May. 



ii. Viola rotundifolia Michx. 

 Round-leaved Violet. (Fig. 2494.) 



V. rotundifolia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 150. 1803. 

 Somewhat pubescent, acaulescent; rootstock 

 thick, sending out stolons late in the season, 

 which bear cleistogamous flowers. Flowering 

 scapes 2 / -4 / high, longer than or equalling the 

 leaves; blades of the leaves orbicular or ovate, 

 YZ'-I' wide at flowering time, s'-s' broad and 

 appressed to the ground in summer, cordate, 

 crenate, glabrous or nearly so above, pale be- 

 neath; petioles not margined, becoming 2 / -6 / 

 long; sepals linear-oblong, obtuse; petals pale 

 yellow, i>"-5' f long, the lateral ones bearded 

 and with brown veins; spur very short; pods 

 oval, about 3" long, those from the cleisto- 

 gamous flowers on deflexed peduncles. 



In woods and on rocky hillsides, Labrador to 

 Minnesota, south in the mountains to North Carolina, 

 of the leaves short. April -May. 



29 



Ascends to 4500 ft. in Virginia. Basal sinus 



