454 



VIOIvACEAE. 



[VOL. II. 



Viola Labradorica Schrank. 



25- 



American Dog Violet. (Fig. 2507.) 



Viola Labradorica Schrank, Denksch. Bot. Gesell. 



Regensb. 2: 12. 1818. 



Viola Muhlenbergii lore. Fl. U. S. i: 256. 1824. 

 Viola canina var. Muhlenbergii Traut. Act. Hort. 



Petr. 5: 28. 1877. 



Glabrous, stems tufted, slender, decumbent 

 or erect, 2 / -6 / long, leafy. Blades of the leaves 

 ovate, orbicular or reniform, cordate, %'-ift' 

 wide, the lower rounded at the apex, the upper 

 sometimes acuminate; petioles slender, the lower 

 usually longer than the blades; stipules ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute, serrate-ciliate, or the upper 

 nearly entire; sepals linear-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate; flowers long-peduncled; petals light pur- 

 ple, rarely white, 5"-7" long, the lateral ones 

 slightly bearded; spur about one-half as long as 

 the petals; style short- beaked, beardless; cap- 

 sules 2"-3" long, glabrous. 



In moist or wet soil, preferring shade, Labrador 

 to Minnesota, North Carolina and Kentucky. Pro- 

 duces cleistogamous flowers late in the season on 

 short peduncles. March-May. 



Viola arenaria DC. Sand 

 Violet. (Fig. 2508.) 



Viola arenaria DC. Fl. Franc. 4: 806. 1805. 

 Viola canina var. fntberula S. Wats, in A. Gray, 



Man. Ed. 6, 81. 1890. 

 V. subvestita Greene, Erythea, 5: 39. 1897. 



Finely puberulent, stems tufted, slender, 

 spreading or ascending, a'-6' long. Petioles 

 longer than the blades, or the upper shorter; 

 stipules incised; blades ovate, orbicular, or 

 some of the lower ones reniform, #'-i' long, 

 crenulate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, 

 cordate or truncate at the base, thickish; 

 peduncles slender, often longer than the 

 leaves; sepals linear or linear-lanceolate, 

 acuminate; petals violet, 4 // -6 // long; spur 

 obtuse, about 3" long; capsule 3 // -4 // long. 



On chores and in sandy soil, Maine to Michi- 

 gan, South Dakota and Saskatchewan. Also in 

 Kurope. The American plant has more ovate 

 leaves than the European. May-June. 



26. Viola multicaulis (T. & G.) Brit- 

 ton. Prostrate Blue Violet. (Fig. 2509.) 



Viola Muhlenbergii var. multicaulis T. & G. Fl. 



i: 140. 1838. 

 Viola multicaulis Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 



227. 1894. 



Very finely puberulent, stems slender, usually 

 several together, tufted, prostrate, leafy, 2'-8' 

 long. Petioles slender, the lower as long as 

 the blades, or longer; blades mostly orbicular, 

 rounded or obtuse at the apex, crenulate, firm, 

 deeply cordate, not over i^' wide when ma- 

 ture; stipules deeply laciniate, 6 // -io // long; 

 peduncles mostly longer than the leaves, the 

 bracts often borne much above the middle; se- 

 pals lanceolate, acuminate; petals violet, 4 // -5 // 

 long, bearded; style not bearded; capsule 3"- 

 4" long, glabrous. 



In woods, Kentucky to Florida, Louisiana and 

 Texas. Feb.-July, bearing cleistogamous flowers 

 later. Leaves sometimes mottled. 



