VOL. II.] 



DOGWOOD FAMILY. 



543 



i. Cornus Canadensis I,. L,ow or Dwarf Cornel. 

 (Fig. 2710.) 



Cornus Canadensis L. Sp. PI. 117. 1753. 



Herbaceous, woody only at the base, flower- 

 ing stems erect, scaly, 3 / ~9 / high. Rootstock 

 nearly horizontal; leaves verticillate at the sum- 

 mit of the stem, or sometimes i or 2 pairs of 

 opposite ones below, sessile, oval, ovate, or obo- 

 vate, pinnately veined, glabrous or minutely 

 appressed-pubescent, acute at each end, entire, 

 i x -3' long; peduncle slender, %'-i l /z' long; in- 

 volucral bracts 4-6, white, petaloid, ovate, 4"- 

 9" long; flowers greenish, capitate; petals ovate, 

 one of them with a subulate appendage; fruit 

 globose, bright red, about 3" in diameter; stone 

 smooth, globose, slightly longer than broad. 



In low woods, Newfoundland to Alaska, New 

 Jersey, Ohio, Indiana, Minnesota, Colorado and 

 California. Rarely the upper leaves are opposite. 

 Ascends to 5100 ft. in the Adirondacks. May-July. 



Bunch-berry. 



2. Cornus Suecica L. Northern Dwarf Cornel. 

 (Fig. 2711.) 



Cornus Suecica L. Sp. PI. 118. 1753. 



Flowering stems 2 / -io / high, sometimes branched above. 

 Rootstock horizontal. Leaves 3-6 pairs, all opposite, sessile, 

 ovate, or oval, acute or obtusish at the apex, mostly rounded 

 at the base, entire, minutely appressed-pubescent above, the 

 upper y^'-\]^ f long, the lower smaller, the veins all arising 

 from near the base; involucral bracts usually 4, ovate, 3 // -6 // 

 long, obtusish; flowers dark purple, capitate; fruit globose, 

 red, 3 // -4 // in diameter; stone flattened, slightly channeled 

 on each side, about as broad as long. 



In cold, wet woods, Labrador, Newfoundland and Quebec 

 through Arctic America to Alaska. Also in northern Europe 

 and Asia. July-Aug. 



3. Cornus florida L. Flowering 

 Dogwood. (Fig. 2712.) 



Cornus florida L. Sp. PI. 117. 1753. 



A small tree, or large shrub, with very 

 rough bark and spreading branches, 

 reaching a maximum height of about 

 40 and trunk diameter of i ^ . Leaves 

 petioled, ovate, or oval, rarely obovate, 

 entire, pale and slightly pubescent on 

 the veins beneath, dark green and gla- 

 brous, or minutely pubescent above, 3'- 

 6' long, acute at the apex, usually nar- 

 rowed at the base; petioles 3 // -io // long; 

 bracts of the involucre white or pink- 

 ish (rarely rose-red), very conspicuous, 

 obovate, obcordate, or emarginate, 

 strongly parallel-veined, i'-2j' long; 

 flowers greenish-yellow, capitate; fruit ovoid, scarlet, 5 // -6 // long, crowned with the persis- 

 tent calyx; stone smooth, channeled, ovoid, 3 // -4 // long. 



In woods, Maine and Ontario to Florida, Kentucky, Missouri and Texas. Ascends 104400 ft. 

 in Virginia. Wood hard, brown; weight per cubic foot 50 Ibs. Leaves bright red in autumn. 

 Fruit often persistent over winter. Called also Arrow-wood, Box-wood, Cornelian Tree. April- 

 June. 



