554 



PYROLACEAE. 



[Voi,. II. 



2. Chimaphila umbellata (L,.) Nutt. Pip- 

 sissewa. Prince's Pine. (Fig. 2736.) 



Pyrola umbellata L. Sp. PI. 396. 1753. 



Chimaphila corymbosa Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 300. 1814. 



Chimaphila umbellata Nutt Gen. i: 274. 1818. 



Similar to the preceding species, the branches com- 

 monly stouter, sometimes i high and usually more 

 leafly. Leaves spatulate or cuneate-oblanceolate, ob- 

 tuse or acutish at the apex, sharply serrate, bright 

 green and shining, not mottled, i / -2^ / long, 3 // -i2 // 

 wide above the middle; flowers several, umbellate or 

 subcorytnbose, white or pinkish, commonly smaller 

 than those of the preceding species, usually marked 

 by a deep pink ring; filaments ciliate; capsule 3 // -4 // 

 in diameter. 



In dry woods, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to 

 Georgia, Mexico and California. Also in Europe and 

 Asia. June-Aug. 



Family 3. MONOTROPACEAE Lindl. Nat. Syst. Ed. 2, 219. 1836. 



INDIAN-PIPE FAMILY. 



Humus-plants or saprophytes, with mostly simple, leafless bracted scapes, 

 and solitary or clustered perfect regular flowers. Calyx 2-6-parted, free from 

 the ovary; sepals erect, connate at the base, imbricated, deciduous. Corolla 

 gamopetalous or polypetalous (wanting in the California Allotropa)\ lobes or 

 petals 3-6. Stamens 6-12, hypogynous; filaments distinct, or united at base; 

 anthers 2-celled or confluently i -celled, attached to the filaments by their backs 

 or bases; pollen-grains simple. Disk obsolete or 8-i2-lobed. Ovary superior, 

 4-6-lobed, i-6-celled; style short or elongated; stigma capitate or peltate; 

 ovules numerous, anatropous. Capsule 4-6-lobed, or terete, i-6-celled, loculi- 

 cidally 4-6-valved, many-seeded. Seeds minute, the testa reticulated. 



About 9 genera and 12 species, mostly of the northern hemisphere, most abundant in North 

 America. 

 Corolla gamopetalous, persistent. 



Corolla globose-ovoid; anthers 3-awned. i. Pterospora. 



Corolla campanulate; anthers awnless. a. Monotropsis. 



Corolla polypetalous, deciduous. 



Flower solitary. 3. Monotropa. 



Flowers racemose. 4. Hypopitys. 



i. PTEROSPORA Nutt. Gen. i: 269. 1818. 



Scape slender, glandular-pubescent, from a thick base of matted fibrous roots. Flowers 

 and capsules racemose, pendulous. Calyx deeply 5-parted. Corolla gamopetalous, globose- 

 ovoid, with 5 reflexcd lobes. Stamens 10, included; filaments subulate, glabrous; anthers 

 introrse, horizontal in the bud, the sacs longitudinally dehiscent, each with a dcflexed awn 

 at the base. Disk none. Ovary subglobose, 5-lobed, 5-celled; style short, columnar; stigma 

 capitate, 5-lobed. Capsule depressed globose, 5-lobed, 5-celled, 5-valved, the apex and base 

 intruded. Seeds horizontal, globose-ovoid, with a terminal reticulated wing. [Greek, 

 wing-seeded.] 



A monotypic genus of temperate North America. 



i. Pterospora Andromedea Nutt. Giant 

 Bird's-nest. Pine Drops. (Fig. 2737.) 



Plerospora Andromedea Nutt. Gen. i: 269. 1818. 

 Monotropa procera Torr. ; Eaton, Man. Ed. 2, 324. 1818. 



Roots very astringent, forming a rounded mass some- 

 times 2' in diameter. Scape purplish or brown, f>'-4% 

 high, bracted, grooved, densely covered with viscid 

 hairs. Bracts lanceolate, or linear, very numerous and 

 crowded at the base; flowers numerous, racemose, white, 

 2"-4" broad; pedicels at first spreading, soon recurved, 

 3 // -io // long, viscid; sepals oblong, about one-half the 

 length of the corolla; capsule 4 // -6 // in diameter. 



In rich woods, Quebec and New Hampshire to Pennsylva- 

 nia, west to British Columbia and California, south in the 

 Rocky Mountains to Arizona. Called also Albany Beech- 

 drops. June-Aug. 



