VOI,. II.] 



INDIAN-PIPE FAMILY. 



555 



2. MONOTROPSIS Schwein.; Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. i: 478. 1817. 

 [SCHWEINITZIA Nutt. Gen. 2: Add. 3. 1818.] 



Scape slender, bracted; plant glabrous throughout. Sepals 5, oblong to linear. Corolla 

 gamopetalous, oblong-campanulate, persistent, 5-saccate at the base, 5-lobed, the lobes not 

 reflexed. Stamens 10, included; filaments subulate, glabrous; anthers horizontal in the bud, 

 introrse, the sacs confluent, opening by large terminal pores, awnless. Disk lo-crenate. 

 Ovary globose, 5-celled; style short, thick; stigma discoid, 5-angled. Capsule ovoid, 5- 

 celled. Seeds very numerous. [Greek, resembling Monotropa.] 



Two species, natives of southeastern North America. 



i. Monotropsis odorata Ell. Sweet 



Pine-sap. Carolina Beech-drops. 



(Fig. 2738.) 



Monotropsis odorata Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. i: 479. 



1817. 

 Schweinitzia Caroliniana Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 867. 



1834. 

 Schweinitzia odorata DC. Prodr. 7: 780. 1839. 



Plant light purplish brown; scapes usually 

 several in a cluster, 2 / -4 / high. Bracts numer- 

 ous, ovate-oblong, obtuse, appressed, 2 // ~4 // 

 long; flowers few (usually 6-8), pink, densely 

 spicate, fragrant, 2-bracteolate at the base, 

 spreading or erect, the spike at first recurved, 

 becoming erect, I'-a' long; sepals mostly ob- 

 long-lanceolate, acute, about as long as the 

 corolla and the bractlets. 



In woods, Maryland to North Carolina. Very 

 rare. Feb.-May. 



3. MONOTROPA L. Sp. PI. 387. 1753. 



Scapose succulent white yellowish or red bracted herbs, with a solitary nodding flower, 

 the'capsule becoming erect Sepals 2-4, deciduous. Petals 5 or 6, oblong, somewhat dilated 

 at apex, erect, not saccate at the base, tardily deciduous. Stamens 10-12; filaments subu- 

 late-filiform; anthers short, peltate, horizontal, opening at first by 2 transverse chinks, be- 

 coming transversely 2-valved. Disk io-12-toothed, confluent with the base of the ovary. 

 Ovary 5-celled; style short, thick; stigma funnelfortn, its margin obscurely crenate, not 

 ciliate. Capsule 5-celled, 5-valved, many- seeded. Seeds minute, the testa produced at each 

 end. [Greek, once-turned.] 



Two species, natives of North America, Mexico, Colombia, Japan and the Himalayas. The 

 following is the only one known in North America. 



Monotropa uniflora L,. 

 Pipe. (Fig. 2739.) 



Indian 



Monotropa uniflora L. Sp. PI. 387. 1753. 



Scapes white, glabrous, usually clustered, 4'- 

 io / high from a mass of matted brittle roots, 

 turning dark in drying. Flower terminal, in- 

 odorous, nodding, oblong-campanulate, %'-i f 

 long, the fruit becoming erect ; petals 4-5 

 (rarely 6), puberulent within, white, rather 

 longer than the usually 10 stamens; filaments 

 pubescent; ovary ovoid, acute, narrowed into 

 the short style; capsule erect, obtusely angled, 

 5"-8" high, 4"-5 // in diameter. 



In moist rich woods, Anticosti to Florida, west 

 to Washington and California, almost throughout 

 temperate and warm North America. Ascends to 

 4200 ft. in North Carolina. Also in Japan and the 

 Himalayas. Whole plant occasionally pink or red. 

 Called also American Ice-plant, Ghost-flower, 

 Corpse-plant. June-Aug. 



