556 



MONOTROPACEAE. 



[VOL. II. 



4. HYPOPITYS Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 443. 1763. 



Scapes slender, pubescent at least above, bearing numerous white yellowish or red 

 flowers in a nodding one-sided raceme which soon becomes erect. Roots a dense mass of 

 fleshy fibres. Terminal flower usually 5-parted, the lateral ones 3~4-parted. Sepals com- 

 monly as many as the petals. Petals saccate at the base. Stamens 6-10; filaments subu- 

 late-filiform; anthers horizontal, the 2 sacs becoming confluent, opening by 2 unequal 

 valves, the larger one spreading or reflexed, the smaller erect. Disk confluent with the base 

 of the ovary, 8-io-toothed. Ovary 3~5-celled; style slen- 

 der; stigma funnel form, its margin glandular-ciliate. 

 Capsule 3-5-celled, 3~5-valved, erect. [Greek, referring 

 to its growth under firs.] 



A monotypic genus of the north temperate zone. 



i. Hypopitys Hypopitys (L.) Small. Pine- 

 sap. False Beech-drops. (Fig. 2740.) 



Monotropa Hypopitys I,. Sp. PI. 387. 1753. 

 Hypopitys Monotropa Crantz, Inst. a: 467. 1766. 

 Hypopitys Hypopitys Small, Mem. Torr. Club, 4: 137. 1894. 



Plants usually slightly fragrant; scapes mostly clus- 

 tered, 4 / -i2 / high. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, densely 

 imbricated at the base, scattered above; raceme 3-15- 

 flowered, i'-s' long; pedicels bracteolate or naked, 3"- 

 10" long; flowers oblong-campanulate, 4 // -7 // long, 

 white, yellowish to piok, more or less bracteolate at the 

 base, the bractlets closely resembling the sepals; fila- 

 ments pubescent; capsule globose-oblong, 2 // ~3 // high. 



In dry woods, Anticosti to Florida, British Columbia and 

 Arizona. Also in Europe and Asia. Called also BirdVnr-t. 

 June-Oct. 



Family 4. ERICACEAE DC. Fl. Franc. 3: 675. 1805. 



Hi: ATM FAMILY. 



Shrubs, perennial herbs, or trees, with simple exstipulate leaves, and mostly 

 perfect, gamopetalous or polypetalous flowers. Calyx inferior, free from the 

 ovary, 4~5-parted or 4-5-cleft, mostly persistent. Corolla regular, or rarely 

 somewhat 2-lipped and irregular, usually 4-5-toothed, -lobed or -parted. Sta- 

 mens hypogynous, usually as many or twice as many as the corolla-lobes, teeth 

 or petals; filaments mostly separate; antherso -celled, attached to the filaments 

 by the back or base, the sacs often prolonged upwardly into tubes, dehiscent by 

 terminal pores or chinks, or longitudinally, often awned. Disk crenate, lobed, 

 or none. Ovary 2-5 -celled; style elongated or short; stigma peltate or capitate; 

 ovules usually numerous, anatropous. Fruit a capsule, berry or drupe. Seeds 

 usually numerous and minute, or sometimes only i in each cavity; endosperm 

 fleshy; embryo central; cotyledons short; radicle terete. 



About 55 genera and 1050 species, of very wide geographic distribution. 



# Fruit a septicidal capsule; corolla deciduous; anthers unappendaged. 

 Corolla of separate petals. 

 Corolla gamopetalous (polypetalous in no. 6). 



Corolla somewhat irregular (except in no. 5); seeds flat, winged. 

 Corolla funnelform to campanulate; stamens exserted. 



Corolla funnelform, slightly 2-lipped; leaves deciduous. 

 Corolla 2-lipped, lower lip divided to the base; leaves deciduous. 

 Corolla campanulate: leaves evergreen. 

 Corolla urn-shaped; stamens not exserted. 

 Corolla regular; seeds angled, or rounded. 

 Corolla polypetalous. 

 Corolla gamopetalous. 



Stamens 5; capsule 2-3-celled. 

 Stamens 10; capsule 5-celled. 



Corolla saucer-shaped, jo-saccate. 

 Corolla ovoid. 



i. Ledum. 



2. Azalea. 



3. Rhodora. 



4. Rhododendron. 



5. Menziesia. 



6. Dendrium. 



j. Chamaecistiis. 



8. A'almta. 



9. Phyllodoce. 

 & Fruit a loculicidal capsule, berry or drupe; corolla deciduous; anthers often awned. 



t Fruit a dry capsule; calyx not accrescent, mostly small. 



Low heath-like shrubs; leaves subulate, very small. 10. Cassiope. 



Shrubs, or trees; leaves linear to broadly oval. 



Anther-sacs opening by a terminal pore or chink. 



Sepals or calyx-lobes imbricated, at least in the bud. 



Capsule dehiscent into a single layer of 5 valves. n. Leucothoe. 



Capsule dehiscent into 2 layers, the outer 5-valved, the inner lo-valved. 



ir Chamaedaphne. 



