576 



VACCINIACEAE. 



[VOL. II. 



V. Canadense. 



V. Pennsylvanicum. 



Shrub ,6' -2 high; leaves oblong, small; fruit blue. 8. 



Leaves serrulate, nearly or quite glabrous; low shrub; fruit blue. 9. 

 Leaves pale and glaucous beneath, mostly glabrous both sides. 



Fruit black; shrub 6'-i8' high; leaves oblong or oblanceolate. 10. V. nigritm. 

 Fruit blue; shrubs i-6 high; leaves oblong, oval, obovate. 



Leaves firm, mostly entire, berry about 3" in diameter. 

 Leaves thin, sharply serrulate; berry 4" -6" in diameter. 



3f Corolla open-campanulate, 4-s-lobed. 



Flowers 4- parted; leaves small, coriaceous, persistent; low shrub. 

 Flowers 5-parted ; leaves large, thin, deciduous; tall shrubs. 

 Flower not jointed with its pedicel; anthers exserted. 

 Flower jointed with its pedicel; anthers included; berry black. 



ii. 

 u. 



V. vacillans. 

 V. pallidnm. 



13. V. Vitis-Idaea. 



14. 

 15- 



V. stamineum. 

 V. arboreuin. 



i. Vaccinium uliginosum L. Great Bilberry. 



Bog Whortleberry. Bleaberry. (Fig. 2783.) 

 Vaccinium uliginosum L. Sp. PI. 350. 1753. 



A stiff much-branched shrub, 6 / -24 / high. Leaves 

 thick when mature, glabrous or nearly so on both sides, 

 dull, pale or glaucous beneath, obovate, oblong, or oval, 

 obtuse, or retusc, narrowed at the base, entire, nearly 

 sessile, finely reticulate-veined, 5"-i2" long; flowers 2-4 

 together, or sometimes solitary near the ends of the 

 branches, mostly shorter than the drooping pedicels; 

 calyx 4-lobed (sometimes 5-lobed); corolla pink, ovoid 

 or urn-shaped, 4-5-toothed; stamens S-io; berry blue with 

 a bloom, about 3" in diameter, sweet. 



Summits of the mountains of New England and the Adiron- 

 dacks, mainly above timber-line; Labrador, Quebec and 

 shores of Lake Superior, to Alaska. Also in northern Europe 

 and Asia. June-July. Fruit ripe July-Aug. 



2. Vaccinium caespitdsum Michx. Dwarf 

 Bilberry. (Fig. 2784.) 



Vaccinium caespitosum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i: 234. 1803. 



A shrub, 3 / -7 / high, much branched, nearly glabrous 

 throughout. Leaves obovate or oblong-cuneate, obtuse 

 or acute, 6"- 12" long, green and shining both sides, 

 nearly sessile, serrulate with close bluntish teeth; flow- 

 ers mostly solitary in the axils and longer than, their 

 drooping pedicels; calyx slightly 5-toothcd (rarely 4- 

 toothcd); corolla obovoid or obovoid-oblong, pink or 

 white, 5-toothed or rarely 4-toothcd; stamens 10, rarely 

 8; berry blue with a bloom, sweet, about 3" in diameter. 



Upper Stillwater, Maine, at 100 feet altitude; summits of 

 the White Mountains; New Brunswick to Labrador, west 

 through subarctic America to Alaska, south in the Rocky 

 Mountains to Colorado. June-July. Fruit ripe Aug. 



3. Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. 

 Thin-leaved Bilberry. (Fig. 2785.) 



Vaccinium mvtilloides Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2:32. 



183^. Not Michx. 1803. 

 Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. 



Am. 2: 32. As synonym. 1834. 



A branching shrub, i-5 high, nearly gla- 

 brous throughout, the twigs slightly angled. 

 Leaves oval, oblong or ovate, thin or mem- 

 branous, green both sides, not shining, acutish 

 to acuminate, short-petioled, sharply and finely 

 serrulate, i / -2 / long; flowers mostly solitary in 

 the axils, their recurved pedicels becoming erect 

 in fruit; calyx-limb entire or slightly toothed; 

 corolla depressed-globose or globose-urceolate, 

 greenish or purplish, mostly 5-toothed; stamens 

 mostly 10; berry dark purple, rather acid. 



In moist woods, northern Michigan; Oregon and 

 British Columbia. June-July. Fruit ripe July-Aug. 



