POLYPODIACEAE. 



1. D. Lonchitis. 



2. D. acrostichoides. 



3. D. Bran nii. 



leaves pinnatifid. 



4. D. Noveboracensis. 



5. D. Thelypteris. 



6. D. simulata. 



7. D. fragrans. 



8. D. cristata. 



9. D. Goldieana. 



10. D. marginalis. 



11. D. Filix-mas. 



Indusium orbicular, entire, peltate, fixed by the depressed centre. 

 Leave- -Mice pinnate. 



Stipes short ; lower pinnae much reduced. 

 Stipes longer : lower pinnae usually little reduced. 

 Leavt-s bipinnatc. 



In<lusium cordate reni form or orbicular, fixed by the sinus, 

 .urc thin-membranous ; veins simple or once forked 

 Lower pinnae vi-ry much reduced. 

 I.o\vi-r pinnae little smaller than the middle ones. 



Veins i-2-forked ; sori crowded, 10- 12 to a segment. 

 Veins simple : sori larger, distinct, 4-10 to a segment. 

 Texture firmer, sometimes subcoriaceous ; veins forking freely. 

 Leaves a-pinnatifid or 2-pinnate ; segments not spinulose. 

 Leaves small, narrowly lanceolate, 

 leaves larger, mostly i *A "-5 high. 

 Indusia large, thinnish and flat. 

 Pinnae widest at the base. 

 Pinnae widest at the middle. 

 Indusia convex, without marginal glands. 

 .Sori near the margin. 

 Sori near the midvein. 

 Leaves 2-pinnate or 3-pinnatifid ; segments spinulose-toothed. 



Leaves ovate-lanceolate, usually not narrowed below ; scales of stipes usually with a 



dark centre. 12. D. spinulosa. 



Leaves elongated-lanceolate, usually narrowed at the base ; scales of the stipes pale 

 brown. 13. D. Boot/ii. 



i. Dryopteris Lonchitis (L.) Kuntze. Holly-fern. (Fig. 26.) 



rlyf>odiu>n Lonchitis L. Sp. PI. 1088. 1753. 

 Atptdiu in Lonchitis Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 2: 30. 1800. 

 Iiryopt,-ris Lonchitis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 813. 1891. 



Rootstock short, stout, densely chaffy. Stipes 

 i '-5' long, bearing large dark brown scales with 

 some smaller ones ; leaves rigid, coriaceous, ever- 

 green, narrowly lanceolate in outline, once pinnate; 

 pinnae broadly lanceolate-falcate, i / -2 / long, acute 

 or acuminate at the apex, strongly auricled on the 

 upper side at the base and obliquely truncate on 

 the lower, densely spinulose-dentate, the lowest 

 commonly triangular and shorter ; sori large, at 

 length contiguous, borne nearer the margin than 

 the midrib, commonly quite close to the margin ; 

 indusium orbicular, entire, fixed by its depressed 

 centre. 



On rocks, Labrador to Alaska, south to Ontario and 

 British Columbia, and in the Rocky Mountains to 

 t'tah. Al-o in northern Kurope and Asia. Aug. 



2. Dryopteris acrostichoides (Michx.) Kuntze. Christmas Fern. (Fig. 27.) 



tiephrodium acrostichoides Michx. Fl. Bor. Am 2 267 



1803. 



Aspidium acrostichoides Sw. Syn. Fil. 44. 1806. 

 Dryopteris acrostichoides Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 812. 1891. 



Rootstock stout, creeping. Stipes 5 / -; / long, 

 densely chaffy; leaves lanceolate in outline, 6^2 long, 

 S'-S' wide, rigid, evergreen, subcoriaceous, once pin- 

 nate ; pinnae linear-lanceolate, somewhat falcate, \'-$' 

 long, acutish at the apex, half halberd-shaped at the 

 base, bristly with appressed teeth, the lower little 

 smaller, sometimes deflexed ; fertile fronds contracted 

 at the summit, bearing the large contiguous sori near 

 the middle, which soon cover the whole lower sur- 

 face ; indusium orbicular, entire, fixed by its depressed 

 centre, persistent. 



In woods and on hillsides, most abundant in rocky 

 places. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia to Florida, .west 

 to Ontario. Wisconsin and Mississippi. Ascends to 2700 

 ft. in Maryland. Julv-Aug. 



Forms with cut-lobed or incised pinnae are known as 

 var. Schwcinitzii ; occasional forms are 2-pinnatifid. 



