i6 



POLYPODIACEAE. 



6. Dryopteris simulata Davenp. Massachusetts Shield-fern. (Fig. 31.) 



Aspidiinn shiinlatuni Davenp. Bot. Gaz.K) : 495. 1894- 

 Itryoptcris simulata Davenp. Bot. Gaz. 19 : 497. 1894. 

 -ynonyin. 



Rootstock wide-creeping, slender, brownish ; 

 stipes 6'-2o' long, straw-colored, dark brown at 

 base, with deciduous scales; leaves 8'-2C / long, 

 2'-7' wide, oblong-lanceolate, tapering to an acu- 

 minate apex (abruptly tapering in the fertile leaf), 

 little or not at all narrowed at the base; pinnae 12- 

 20 pairs, lanceolate, pinnatifid, the segments ob- 

 liquely oblong, obtuse, entire, slightly revolute in 

 the fertile leaf; surfaces finely pubescent, especi- 

 ally near the midribs; texture rather thin; veins 

 simple, nearly straight; sori rather large, somewhat 

 distant, 4-10 to each segment ; indusia finely glan- 

 dular at the margins, withering-persistent. 



In woodland swamps. New Hampshire to the Indian 

 Territory. Close to the preceding species. Summer. 



7. Dryopteris fragrans (L. ) Schott. 

 Fragrant Shield-fern. (Fig. 32.) 



J\>l \-fntdium fragrans L. Sp. PI. 1089. 1753. 



As/>tdium fragrans Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 2 : 35. 1800. 



l>ry,if>leris fragrans Schott. Gen. Fil. 1834. 



Rootstock stout, chaffy with brown shining scales. 

 Stipes a'-4' long, chaffy ; leaves lanceolate, firm, glan- 

 dular and aromatic, pinnate or nearly 2-pinnate, 

 acuminate at apex, narrowed to the base, 3 / -i2 / long ; 

 pinnae deeply pinnatifid, numerous, lanceolate, acute, 

 y'-i%' long; segments oblong, obtuse, dentate or 

 nearly entire, nearly covered by the large sori ; in- 

 dusium thin, nearly orbicular, persistent long after 

 the sporanges have matured, its margin ragged and 

 sparingly gland-bearing, the sinus narrow. 



On rocks. I/ibrador to Alaska, south to Maine, Vermont, 

 the Adirondack Mountains and Wisconsin. Ascends to 

 4000 ft. in Vermont. Also in Greenland, Europe and Asia. 



8. Dryopteris cristata (L. ") X Gray. 

 Crested Shield-fern. (Fig. 733.) 



tiun L- Sp. PI. 1090. 175.1- 



Asfndium cristatnn: Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 2: 37. 1800. 

 Di ropteris cristata A. Gray, Man. 631. i~ 



Rootstock stout, creeping, densely chaff}'. Stipes 

 of the sterile leaves 2 '-5' long, those of the fertile 

 6'-io' long ; leaves linear-oblong or lanceolate, 

 acuminate at the apex, gradually and slightly nar- 

 rowed to the base, rather firm, i-2^ c long, 4 / -6 / 

 wide, pinnate ; pinnae lanceolate or triangular- 

 ovate, acuminate, deeply pinnatifid or the lower 

 pinnate, the segments 6-10 pairs, serrate or incised; 

 sori about midway between the margin and midrib; 

 indnsium thin, orbicular-reniform, glabrous. 



In wet wnods and swamps, Newfoundland to Mani- 

 toba. south to Kentucky and Arkansas. Ascends to 2700 

 ft. in Maryland. Also in Europe and Asia. July-Aug. 

 Dryoptens criitiU Clintonlin* ( I). C. Eaton 1'nderw. Native Ferns. Ed. 4, 115. 1893. 



'ii in var. 1'linlonianuHi I). C. Eaton in A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5, 665. 1867. 



Leave* aH-4 c I..HK. with obtoOff-lanceolate pinnae, which are broadest at the base and 4'-6' 

 long; Mgments *-!' pairs. Uanr-oblong, obscurely serrate : veins pinnately forking, bearing the 

 Maim- and Ontario to Now Jersey. Pennsylvania and' Wisconsin. 



on nt-ar tin tnidvi-in. 



