FERN FAMILY. 



g. Dryopteris Goldieana (Hook.) A. Gray. Gol (Fj x 



(,'nldifaiiiim Hook. Edinb. Philos. Journ. 6: 

 333. 1822. 

 /)> raptfi is (iohiiana A. Gray. Man. 631. 



Rootstock stout, widely creeping, chaffy. Stipes 

 io'-i8' long, chaffy at least below ; leaves broadly 

 ovate, rather firm, 2-4 long, usually i or more 

 wide, glabrous or nearly so, dark green above, pin- 

 nate or nearly 2-pinnate; lower pinnae broadly 

 lanceolate, widest at about the middle, 6'~9' 

 long, i '-2' wide, pinnately parted into about 20 

 pairs of oblong-linear subfalcate segments which 

 are serrate with appressed teeth ; sori very near 

 the midrib, close together but distinct, large ; in- 

 dusium orbicular, fixed by its narrow sinus, glab- 

 rous, persistent. 



In rich woods, New Brunswick to Minnesota, south 

 to North Carolina and Tennessee. Ascends to 5000 ft. 

 in Virginia and to 2500 ft. in Vermont. July-Aim. 



10. Dryopteris marginalis < I,.) A. Gray. Evergreen Wood-fern. < I : i. 35.) 



}'(>l\'f>iidiinn Hiai-^iHii/i- I,. sp. !'! 11191. 1751. 

 As~f>idiittn niai\ri>iiili- S\v. Syn. Fil. > ifaeT 

 Dryopteris man; /;/<///.* A c.V.ty. v 



Rootstock stout, ascending, densely chaffy with dark 

 brown shining scales. Stipes 3'-8' long, chaffy below; 

 leaves borne in a crown, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceo- 

 late in outline, subcoriaceous, 6'-2# long, pinnate or 

 2-pinnate, acuminate at the apex, slightly narrowed at 

 the base : pinnae numerous, lanceolate, nearly settile, 

 glabrous, 2 '-5' long, the lower broader and shorter 

 than the middle ones, the upper pinnatifid, the lower 

 pinnately parted into oblong, sometimes slightly fal- 

 cate obtuse entire dentate or pinnately lobed pinnules ; 

 sori distinct, close to the margin, covered by the K'*- 

 rous indusium which is fixed by its sinus. 



In rocky u-ood- ami on bank-. I'rinct- Kdwanl Inland to 

 tlu- Northwest Territory , south to AlaKun.i.iinl \rkaima. 

 Ascends to 5000 ft. in Virginia. A hybrid will; 

 is described. Leaves ever^n..-:;. JiiU 



ii. Dryopteris Filix-Mas ( L. ) Schott. Male Fern, i Fig. 36.] 



Fol\ 'fimti'nm /"ili.v-mas'L,. Sp. PI. 1090. 1753. 

 Asfndium J''ili.r-ias Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 2: 38. 

 J)i-\'i>/>tci-is Fili.v-mas Schott, Gen. Fil. . 



Rootstock stout, ascending or erect, chaffy. Stipes 

 4 / -6 / long, very chaffy below ; leaves broadly oblong- 

 lanceolate, acute, or acuminate at the apex, slightly 

 narrowed to the base, i-3 long, rather firm, half 

 evergreen, pinnate or partly 2-pinnate ; pinnae lanceo- 

 late, broadest at the base, gradually acuminate to the 

 apex, $'-6' long, pinnatifid almost to the rachis or 

 pinnately divided into oblong glabrous lobes or pin- 

 nules ; pinnules slightly dentate, incised or nearly en- 

 tire; sori large, borne near the midvein, more numerous 

 on the lower halves of the segments ; indusium firm, 

 convex, glabrous, orbicular-reniform, fixed by its sinus. 



In rocky woods, Labrador to Alaska, south to northern 

 Michigan "and British Columbia, and in the Rocky Moun- 

 tains to Arizona. Also in Greenland. Europe and 

 and in the Andes of South America. Aug. The root-lock 

 of this and the preceding species furnish the drug Filix- 

 mas, used as a vermifuge. 



1 800. 



