GRASS FAMILY. 



2. Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook.) Hack. Long-leaved Reed-graas. 



(Fig. 382.) 



167 



Calamagrostis longifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 

 241. 1840. 



Calantorilfa longifolia Hack. True Grasses, 113. 

 1890. 



Culms 2-6 tall, erect, simple, stout, smooth 

 and glabrous. Sheaths crowded and overlap- 

 ping, glabrous or rarely pilose; ligule a ring of 

 hairs about i // long; leaves 8'-i long or more, 

 panicle narrow, often i long or more, pale, 

 the branches erect or ascending, the lower 4'- 

 jo 7 long; spikelets 3 // -4 // long; scales acute, 

 smooth, the first shorter than the second; the 

 third a little longer or slightly shorter than the 

 second, and nearly twice the length of the 

 copious basal hairs; palet slightly shorter than 

 the third scale. 



On sandy shores, western Ontario and Manitoba 

 to the Rocky Mountains, south to Indiana, Kansas 

 and Colorado. July-Sept. 



39. APERA Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 495. 1763. 



Annual grasses with narrow flat leaves, and ample open or contracted panicles. Spikclcts 

 i-flowered, small, the rachilla prolonged beyond the flower into a bristle. Scales 3; the 

 2 outer empty, unequal, thin, membranous, keeled, acute; the third scale a little shorter, 

 icmbranous, bearing a long slender awn inserted just below the shortly 2-toothed apex; 

 let a little shorter than the scale, 2-keeled, 2-toothed. Stamens 3. Styles distinct, short. 

 tigmas plumose. Grain narrow, free, included in the scale. Seed adherent to the pericarp. 

 [Greek, signifying not mutilated, whole or entire; application uncertain.] 



Two species, natives of Europe and western Asia. 



i. Apera Spica-venti (I,.) Beauv. Silky Bent-grass. 



(Fig. 383.) 



Windkstnw. 



Agrostis Spica-venti I. Sj. I'l 

 Apera Spica-venti Beauv. Agrost. 151. 



Culms i-2tall, erect, Minplc. slender, smooth 

 and glabrous. Sheaths usually lon^r ih 

 internodes, the upper one genrralh 

 the base of the paniok-; lin"' tofJ 



leaves \'-f long, #"-*" wide, scabrous; pan- 

 icle 3'-o/ in length, the branches erect or as- 

 cending, capillary, itf'-3' long; outer scale* of 

 the spikelet i"-itf" long, acute, smooth a 

 shining; third scale hairy ..r m-arly smooth 

 ing a dorsal scabrous aw n ; " j " long; rudiment 

 at the end of the rachilla less than V" 



In waste places and on ballast, 

 New York and Pennsylvania. Aden 

 Europe. June-July. 



