306 CYPERACEAE. 



43. Carex hirta L,. Hairy Sedge. (Fig. 713.) 



Carex hirta L. Sp. PI. 975. 1753. 



Rootstocks extensively creeping, culms rather 

 slender, erect, nearly smooth, 6 / -2 tall. Leaves flat, 

 pubescent, especially on the sheaths, rough, 1%"- 

 2 l /z ff wide, the basal ones much elongated, often ex- 

 ceeding the culm, the upper and the similar bracts 

 shorter; staminate spikes 2 or 3, stalked; pistillate 

 spikes 2 or 3, remote, erect, oblong-cylindric, 9"-i8" 

 long, about 3" in diameter, rather loosely many- 

 flowered; perigynia ovoid-oblong, green, ascending, 

 densely pubescent, i // in diameter, i" long, few- 

 ribbed, tapering into a stout prominently 2-toothed 

 beak; teeth often as long as the beak; scales mem- 

 branous, lanceolate, aristate, 3-nerved, somewhat 

 shorter than the perigynia; stigmas 3. 



In fields and waste places, Massachusetts to eastern 

 New York and Pennsylvania. Naturalized or adventive 

 from Europe. June-Sept. 



44. Carex alpina Sw. Alpine Sedge. (Fig. 714.) 



Carex alpina Sw.; Lilj. Sv. Flora, Ed. 2, 26. 1798. 

 Carex Vahlii Schk. Riedgr. 87. 1801. 



Culms slender, erect, rough above, leafy only 

 below the middle, 6 / -2 tall. Leaves roughish, 

 W~iW wide, shorter than or rarely equalling 

 the culm ; spikes 2-4 (commonly 3) , clustered at 

 the summit, the terminal i or 2 staminate below, 

 oblong or globose, 2 // -5 // long, sessile or the 

 lower peduncled; perigynia oval, orbicular or 

 obovoid, light green, about \" long, tipped with 

 a very short and minutely 2-toothed beak, nerve- 

 less or with a few very faint nerves, equalling or 

 slightly shorter than the ovate black or purple- 

 brown obtuse or acutish scales; stigmas 3. 



In rocky places, Quebec to James' Bay and Atha- 

 basca, western Ontario and Isle Royale, Lake Super- 

 ior, south in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado. Also 

 in Europe. Summer. 



45. Carex atratiformis Britton. Black Sedge. (Fig. 715.) 



Carex ovata Rudge, Trans. Linn. Soc. 7: 96. pi. 9. 1804. 



Not Burm. 1768. 



Carex atrata var. ovata Boott, 111. 114. 1862. 

 Carex atratiformis Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, 22: 222. 1895. 



Glabrous, culms slender, erect, sharp-angled, rough 

 above, 8 / -2 tall, usually leafy only below. Leaves 

 smooth or roughish, i // -2 // wide, rarely over 6' long, 

 much shorter than the culm; spikes 2-5, dense, ob- 

 long or oblong-cylindric, 4 // -i2 // long, about i 1 /*" in 

 diameter, the terminal one usually staminate at the 

 base and sessile, or nearly so, the others slender 

 stalked, drooping when mature; lower bracts ^'-i '?' 

 long, very narrow, the upper ones subulate; perigynia 

 flattened, ovate or nearly orbicular, puncticulate, as- 

 cending, about \" long, tipped with a very short, 

 2-toothed beak; scales black or reddish-brown, ob- 

 long, obtuse or subacute, slightly narrower than the 

 perigynia and about equalling them; stigmas 3. 



Newfoundland to the mountains of New England, west 

 to the Northwest Territory. Summer. 



