SMILAX FAMILY. 





i. Smilax herbacea L. Carrion-flower. (Fig. 1050.) 



vw/Vfl.t- herbacea L. Sp. PI. 1030. 1753. 

 finli'cntlfnta Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 238. 1803. 

 oprosmanthits herbaceus Kunth, Enutn. 5- 264 

 1850. 



Tubers short, thick, scarred, numerous. Stem 

 icrbaceous, glabrous, terete or obtusely angled, 



larmed, commonly much branched. Petioles 



'-3X 7 long; tendrils numerous; leaves ovate, 



)unded or lanceolate, acute, acuminate or cus- 



idate at the apex, obtuse or cordate at the base, 



lin, frequently downy beneath, 7-o-nerved, 

 '-5' long, i '-3^' wide, the margins entire or 

 lenticulate; peduncles 4/-o/ long, usually 6-10 

 imes as long as the petioles, flattened; umbels 

 i5-8o-flowered; pedicels 3 // -8 // long; flowers car- 

 ion-scented when open; stamens sometimes 5 or 

 ; filaments 2-3 times as long as the anthers; ber- 

 ies bluish black, 2-4-seeded, 3 // -4 // in diameter. 



In woods and thickets, New Brunswick to Ontario 

 Dakota, south to Florida, Louisiana and NY- 

 ska. April-June. 



2. Smilax tamnifdlia Michx H.ilberd- 



k-avecl Sniil;i ;i.) 



S. lamnifolia Michx \ &. l8ov 



Coprosmantkus tamitt urn S 267. *tjni 



Glabrous, herbaceous; stem and branches terete 

 or obtusely angled, unarmed. Petioles ft '- 1 ,H ' long, 

 the sheath tendril -bearing, very short or none; 

 leaves coriaceous, mostly ovate-hastate, with broad 

 obtuse lobes at the base, slightly narrowed at about 

 the middle, acute obtuse or acuminate at the apex. 

 truncate or subcordate at the base, entire, green on 

 both sides, i# '-3' long, %'-*' wide, 5-7-nenred; 

 peduncles 1-3 from the same axil, t' 4' long, usu- 

 ally much longer than the leaves, often flattening 

 in drying; umbels io-3o-flowered; pedicels j 

 long; segments of the staminate flowers slightly 

 pubescent; filaments 1-2 times a* long as the an- 

 thers; berries black, 2"-3" in diameter. l-j aecdtd. 



In dry soil, southern New Jersey and !Vnnrlvania 

 to South Carolina and Tenncec. Mar J 



3. Smilax ecirrhata (Engelm.) S. Wats. 

 Upright Smilax. (Fig. 1052.) 



Coprosmanthus herbaceus var. ecirrhata Engelm.; 



Kunth, Enum. 5: 266. ' 1850. 

 Smilax ecirrhatus S. Wats, in A. Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 



520. 1890. 



Stem herbaceous, glabrous, simple, erect, 6 / -2 

 tall. Tendrils none, or sometimes present on 

 the uppermost petioles; leaves often whorled at 

 the summit of the stem, ovate, acute, obtuse, cus- 

 pidate or acuminate at the apex, rounded or cordate 

 at the base, thin, 5-o-nerved, 2>'-5> / long, !#'- 

 4' wide, sometimes larger, more or less pubescent 

 beneath and erose-denticulate on the margins; 

 petioles jo // -i8 // long; peduncles long, often pu- 

 bescent; staminate flowers commonly not more 

 than 25 in the umbels; pedicels 2 // -5 // long; an- 

 thers shorter than the filaments or equalling them. 



In dry soil, Virginia to Minnesota and Florida. 

 May-June. 



