WALNUT FAMILY 



Family 2. JUGLANDACEAE Lindl. Nat. .^ . 2 , 180. 1836, 



WALNUT FAMILY. 

 Trees with alternate pinnately compound leaver, and m<moecioa bracteoUtc 



flowers, the staminate in long drooping aments; the pistillate *oliury or nevcral 

 t( .-ether. Staminate flowers consisting of j-numeroua stamen* with or 

 an irregularly lobed perianth adnate to the br.i ry rarely with a rudi- 



mentary ovary. Anthers erect, 2-celled, the sacs longitu<! 

 filaments short. Pistillate flowers bracted and usually 2 tiracteoUte. with a 

 3-5-lobecl (normally 4-lobed i calyx or with U.tli ralvx and petal*, and an 

 inferior i -celled or incompletely 2-4-celled ovary. ( >viik solitary, erect, orthol- 

 ropous; styles 2, stigmatic on the inner surface. Fruit in our genera a dmpe 

 with indehiscent or dehiscent, fibrous or \voo<ly ex.K-arj. husk ripened c.r 

 also regarded as an involucre), enclosing the which b 



incompletely 2-4-celled. Seed large, 2-4-lobed. MndosjK-tm n-.u.- OHyledoiM 

 corrugated, very oily. Radicle minute, M 



Six genera and about 35 species, mostly of the wanner parts of tW north train n<e tomt. 

 Etending in America south along the Andes to Bolivia. The young 

 at least two species of Hicoria. 



Insk indehiscent; nut rugose. i 



isk at length splitting into segments; nut smooth or angled. 





i. JUGLANS L. Sp. PI. 997. 1753. 



Trees, with spreading branches, superposed buds, fragrant bark, and odd-pinnate leave*. 

 nth nearly or quite sessile leaflets, the terminal one sometimes early pcriahiaf. ffrfta'MH 

 flowers in drooping cylindric aments, borne on the twigs of the previous year; perianth j-^ 

 lobed; stamens 8-40 in 2 or more series. Pistillate flowers solitary or everml together on 

 terminal peduncle at the end of shoots of the season, the calyx 4-lobed. with 4 mll petals 

 adnate to the ovary at the sinuses; styles fimbriate, very short. Drape Urge. j(loboM or 

 ovoid, the exocarp somewhat fleshy, fibrous, indehiscent, the emlocarp bony, rugate or 

 sculptured, 2-4-celled at the base, indehiscent, or in de.-ay separating into 2 valve*. [Name 

 a contraction of the Latin Jovis glans, the mit of Jupiter.] 



About 8 species, natives of the north temperatt 



Andes of South America. Besides the following I r n the MMrthwefleni I'nitrd 



States. 



Fruit globose, obtuse, not viscid; petioles puberuU-nt. 

 Fruit oblong, pointed, viscid; petioles pubescent. 



i. Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut. 

 (Fig. 1149.) 



fitglans nigra ~L,. Sp. PI. 997- i?53- 



A large forest tree with rough brown bark, 

 maximum height about 150, trunk diameter 8, 

 the twigs of the season and petioles puberulent, 

 the older twigs glabrous^or very nearly so. 

 Leaflets 13-23, ovate-lanceolate, more or less 

 inequilateral, acuminate at the apex, rounded or 

 subcordate at the base, serrate with low teeth, 

 glabrous or very nearly so above, pubescent be- 

 neath, 3 / -s / long, i / -2 / wide; staminate aments 

 solitary in the axils of leaf-scars of the preced- 

 ing season, 3 / ~s / long; drupes usually solitary 

 or 2 together, globose or a little longer than 

 thick, \ l / 2 '-T,' in diameter, glabrous but papil- 

 lose, not viscid; nut corrugated, slightly com- 

 pressed, 4 celled at the base. 



In rich woods, Massachusetts to southern 

 no and Minnesota, south to Florida, Kansas 

 Texas. Wood strong, hard, rich brown, weight per 

 cubic foot 38 Ibs. April-May. Fruit ripe Oct.-Nov. 





