BEECH FAMILY. 517 



3. Quercus Texana Buckley. Texan Red 

 Oak. (Fig. 1230.) 



Q. Texana Buckley, Proc. Phila. Acad. 1860: 444. 1860. 

 A forest tree, similar to the preceding species and 

 to Q. rubra, attaining a maximum height of about 

 200 and a trunk diameter of 8, usually smaller. 

 Bark reddish-brown, with broad ridges broken into 

 plates; leaves mostly obovate in outline, bright 

 green and shining above, paler and with tufts of wool 

 in the axils beneath, 2 / -6 / long, truncate or broadly 

 wedge-shaped at the base, deeply pinnatiful into 5-9 

 oblong or triangular lobes, which are entire or coarsely 

 few toothed, the lobes and teeth bristle-tipped; styles 

 short; fruit maturing in the autumn of the second sea- 

 son; cup deeply saucer-shaped, 5"-&" broad, its scales 

 obtusish or acute, appressed; acorn ovoid, %'-i' long, 

 2-3 times as high as the cup. 



Southern Indiana to Iowa and Missouri, Florida and 

 Texas. Wood hard, light red-brown; weight per cubic 

 foot 57 Ibs. April-May. Acorns ripe Sept. -Oct. 



4. Quercus coccinea Wang. Scarlet Oak. (Fig. 1231.) 



Quercus coccinea Wang. Araer. 44. pi. 4. f. 9. 1787. 

 A forest tree, attaining a maximum height of 

 about 160, the trunk diameter sometimes 5; 

 inner bark pale reddish or gray; foliage turning 

 scarlet in autumn. Leaves deeply pinnatitid, 

 glabrous, bright green and shining above, paler 

 and sometimes pubescent in the axils of the 

 veins beneath, 4 / -8 / long, rather thin, the lobes 

 oblong or lanceolate, divergent or ascending, 

 few-toothed, the teeth and apices bristle-tipped; 

 fruit maturing in the autumn of the second sea- 

 son; styles slender, rccurved-spreading; cup 

 hemispheric or top-shaped, its bracts triangular- 

 lanceolate, appressed or the upper slightly squar- 

 rose, mostly glabrous; acorn ovoid or ovoid-glo- 

 bose, 6 // -io // high, about twice as long as the cup. 



In dry soil, Maine and Ontario to Minnesota, 

 Florida and Missouri. Wood hard, str>nn, coarse- 

 grained, light brown or red; weight 4'> U>- JKT cubic 

 foot. May-June. Acorns npe Sept.-Oct 



5. Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak. Quercitron. (Fig. 1232.) 



Quercus velutina Lam. Encycl. i: 721. 1783. 



Q. tinctoria Bartram, Travels, 37. Name only. 1791. 



Q. coccinea var. tinctoria A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5, 454. 1867. 



A large forest tree, similar to Q. coccinea, maxi- 

 mum height about 150, trunk diameter 5; outer 

 bark very dark brown, rough in low ridges, the in- 

 ner bright orange. Leaves pinnatifid or lobed to 

 beyond the middle, firm, brown-pubescent or some- 

 times stellate-pubescent when young, when mature 

 glabrous and dark dull green above, pale green 

 and usually pubescent on the veins beneath, the 

 broad oblong or triangular-lanceolate lobes and 

 their teeth bristle-tipped; fruit maturing in the 

 autumn of the second season; cup hemispheric or 

 top-shaped, commonly narrowed into a short stalk, 

 its bracts mostly pubescent, the upper somewhat 

 squarrose; acorn ovoid, y^'-\' high, more or less 

 longer than the cup. 



Maine to Ontario, Minnesota, Florida and Texas. 

 Wood reddish -brown; weight per cubic foot 44 Ibs. 

 May-June. 



