86 



adds much to their importance, notably all the Oaks, the 

 Sycamore, and several others in a lesser degree. Woods in 

 which these are prominent and conspicuous are generally 

 " quarter sawed " in manufacture, that is, sawed radially 

 from centre to circumference so as to display this feature. 

 When sawed tangentially at right angles with a line 

 drawn from centre to periphery it is called "flat," 

 " plain," or " bastard " sawed. The latter method displays 

 the prominent features arising from the difference in color 

 and density between spring and summer growth. This dis- 

 tinction is further emphasized in finishing with colored 

 " filling," which darkens the pores of the spring wood and 

 makes them more conspicuous. 



All of the features here noted, and some of less import- 

 ance, add to or detract from, as the case may be, the value 

 of woods, and should be considered when determining what 

 to plant. Although some of the nut-bearing trees have ad- 

 ditional value on account of the fruit they bear, and others 

 in the resin, gum, or tannin in the bark or wood, or other 

 like properties, such features do not have any very import- 

 ant bearing in deciding what trees to grow for timber, but 

 they may aid somewhat in determining what to choose. The 

 fact, however, should be recognized that trees grown in the 

 forest where they must be crowded to produce good timber 

 bear little fruit at best, and that not until late in life. 



