376 



INDEX 



225 ; much used for posts and tele- 

 graph poles, 223, 224. 



Larix laricina (tamarack), 219-221. 



Larix occidentalis, 221, 222. 



Leaf, development of, in tree-life, 

 68 ff.; venation of, 68; skin of, 

 68 ; ttomata, 69, 70. 



Life-history of a tree, 63 ff. 



Light, essential to tree-growth, 35; 

 all trees do not require equal 

 amount of, 35 ; tolerant and intol- 

 erant trees, 35; all trees require 

 more, in old age, 36; essential to 

 functioning of stomata, 70 ; struggle 

 of stems for, 71. 



Linden, European name for bass- 

 wood, 302. 



Liquidambar styraciflua (red gum), 

 341-343 ; not really a gum, 338, 341. 



Liriodendron tulipifera (yellow pop- 

 lar, or tulip-tree), 283-285 ; next to 

 white pine in value among soft- 

 woods, 285. 



Live oak, 232. 



Locust. See Robinia pseudacacia. 



Locust, honey. See Gleditsia triacan- 

 thos. 



Lumber, table of amounts of, cut 

 from various species in U. S., in 

 1909, 11 ; waste in cutting, 55 ; 

 character and quality of, how af- 

 fected by age and size of trees, 56. 



Lumber, pine, vast quantity of man- 

 ufactured in U. S., 133. 



Lumbermen, their inaccurate use of 

 the terms hardwood and softwood, 

 79,80. 



Magnolia acuminata (cucumber), 326, 



327 ; the only species of commercial 



value, 326. 

 Male Sowers, 63, 64. 

 Maple, bigleaf, 354. 

 Maple, black. See Acer nigrum. 

 Maple, broadleaf , 276. And see Acer 



macrophyllum. 

 Maple, curled, 278. 

 Maple, hard, 276. 

 Maple, Norway, 280. 

 Maple, Oregon, 276, 354. 

 Maple, red, 276. And see Acer ru- 



brum. 

 Maple, rock. See Acer nigrum and 



A. saccharum. 



Maple, scarlet. See Acer ritbrum. 

 Maple, silver, 276, 280. And see Acer 



saccharinum. 



Maple, soft, 276. And see Acer sac* 

 charinum. 



Maple, southern hard, 48 n. 



Maple, sugar, 153. And see Acer 

 saccharum. 



Maples, the, a very large family, and 

 important as timber trees, 276 ; 

 hard and soft species of, 276. See 

 species under Acer. 



Mature trees. See Trees. 



Maturity in tree-life, the period of 

 best economic development, 15. 



Medullary rays, described, 73, 74 ; 

 decorative importance of, 85, 86; 

 quarter-sawing, 86. 



"Mirrors," 74. 



Mixed stand. See Stand, mixed. 



Mockernut hickory. See Hicoria alba. 



Moisture, in soil, essential to tree- 

 growth, 31, 32; trees require less 

 of, than farm crops, 37 ; drying out, 

 in seasoning, 82, 83 ; how main- 

 tained in nursery seed-beds, 98, 99 ; 

 how supplied to young plants, 100, 

 101. 



Muck, best fertilizer for forest nurs- 

 ery, 90 n., 105. 



Muir, John, Our National Parkt, 

 quoted, 146, 147. 



National Conservation Commission, 

 58. 



Natural range. See Range. 



Natural resources, not inexhaustible, 

 3 ; need of conservation of, 3, 4. 



Nature, in reforestation, 16, 17. 



Naval stores, 134 n. 



New York Forest Nursery, 103, 104. 



Nitrogen in soil, comparative amounts 

 of, required by trees and by crops, 

 36 and n. 



Norway, forests in, 9, 128. 



Nurse trees, 15, 47. 



Nursery, growing young trees in, the 

 best method of artificial reforest- 

 ation, 28-30 ; more expensive at 

 first, but more economical at last, 

 30 ; in Saxony and Switzerland, 30. 



Nursery, forest, why method of grow- 

 ing trees in, is most successful, 87 

 ff. ; greater size and vigor of trees 

 so grown, 87, 88 ; best location of, 

 89 ; preparation of ground for, 90- 

 92 ; sowing seed in, 92-97 ; use of 

 screens in, 97, 98, 99 ; protecting 



