382 



INDEX 



forcstation, 17, 18; refuse matter 

 from, 32, 33 ; all species of, require 

 more light in old age, 36 ; relations 

 between different species of, 43>ff. ; 

 should they be mingled ? 43 ff. ; 

 significance of varying rate of 

 growth in, 47, 48 and n. ; selection 

 of, for planting, 49-52; majority 

 of, in U. S., worthless for timber, 

 49; natural and botanical ranges 

 of, 51, 52 ; species successfully 

 planted in treeless regions, 51, 52 ; 

 when to harvest, 53 ff, ; table of di- 

 mensions of, at various ages, 54; 

 necessary use of, for fuel and farm 

 purposes, oSjf.; farm-lands suitable 

 for growth of, 59, 60 ; may be made 

 to assume desired form, 63; life- 

 history of, 63 ff, ; when to plant, in 

 the forest, 121, 122 ; spacing, in the 

 forest, 123 ff. And see Forest, sec- 

 ond-growth and virgin, Forests, 

 Nursery, Plants. 



Trees, deciduous, 66. 



Trees, immature, 15, 17, 19. 



Trees, mature, 15, 17, 19. 



Trees, nut-bearing, methods of pro- 

 pagating, 28. 



Trees, timber. See Timber trees. 



Trojan War, the, 260. 



Tsuga canadensis (hemlock), 204, 205. 



Tsuga caroliniana (Carolina hemlock), 

 204, 206. 



Tsuga heterophylla (western hem- 

 lock), 205, 206; sold as Oregon 

 pine, 205. 



" Tuck Tuck," 195. 



Tulip-tree. See Liriodendron tulipi- 

 fera. 



Turpentine, in pines, 134 and n., 140, 

 155. 



Ulmus americana (white, or gray elm), 

 296-299. 



Ulmus crassifolia (cedar elm), 301. 



Ulmut pubescent (red, or slippery elm), 

 299. 



Ulmus racemosa (cork elm), 300, 301. 



United States, timber famine immi- 

 nent in, 9, 10; typical of world- 

 conditions, 9 ; revenue of national 

 forests in, 18 and n. ; tree-bearing 

 and treeless regions in, 49. 



United States Forest Service, 155, 

 294 n., 305, 312, 346. 



Venation of leaf, 68. 



Veneers, black walnut largely used 



for, 314, 315. 

 Virgin forest. See Forest, virgin. 



Walnut, black, 272, 292, 314, 315, 

 317, 318. And see Juglans nigra. 



Walnut, " Circassian," 339, 341, 342. 



Walnut, satin, 338, 339. 



Walnut, white, 318. 



Warping, 82, 84. 



Waste, proportion of, in cutting lum- 

 ber, 55 ; divers kinds of, 55. 



Water, mean supply of, essential for 

 best results, 31, 32 ; utility of forest 

 floor in retaining, 32. 



Water-courses, effect of presence or 

 absence of forests on, 8. 



Weeds, as a hindrance to tree-growth, 

 39, 40 ; eradicating, in nursery, 92, 

 93. 



White pine, eastern. See Pinus stro- 

 bus. 



White pine, western. See Pinus mon- 

 ticola. 



Whitewood (tulip-tree). See Lirio- 

 dendron tulipifera. 



"Winding" fibre, disadvantage of, 

 77 ; is it hereditary ? 78. 



Winged seeds. See Seeds, winged. 



Winter, protection of seedlings in, 

 102-104. 



Wood, manifold uses of, 10, 12 ; large 

 use of, for fuel, 12 and n., 58; 

 chemical composition of, 37 ; in- 

 crease of, in tree-life, 71-73; an- 

 nual rings, 71 ; heartwood and sap- 

 wood, 72, 73 ; pith, 73 ; medullary 

 rays, 73, 74; classification of, 79, 

 ff. ; various characteristics of, and 

 their bearing on its value, 80-86. 



Wood, spring, 71. 



Wood, summer, 72. 



Wood ashes, unleached, 105, 106. 



Woodlot, the, 58-62. 



Wood-pulp, exportation of, prohib- 

 ited in parts of Canada, 9; trees 

 suited for, 82 ; value of spruces for, 

 178, 180. 



Wiirttemberg, revenue of national 

 forests in, IS and n. 



Yellow pine, western, 193, 206. And 

 see Pinus ponderosa. 



