• • • • 



■ 1 . . 



''•pfetely 'closing the' eye.' The retained yellow material becomes 

 thicker and often accumulates to such an extent that it causes 

 a pronounced bulging of the eyelids. Masses of this material 

 as large as a walnut are often removed from beneath the lids. 

 Sometimes infection develops posteriorly to the eyes in the 

 form of abscesses which force the eyes partly out of their posi- 

 tion. The cornea is turbid and often ulcerated. Complete de- 

 struction of one or both eyes is often observed in severe cases. 



The Mouth. Involvement of the mucous membrane of the 

 mouth begins as a local disturbance. The disease begins by a 

 slight redness or congestion of isolated areas, or may involve 

 the entire surface. In the center of the congested areas there 

 will appear in a day or so, small round or oval yellowish white 

 spots, which rapidly spread and eventually form extensive col- 

 lections of glutinous pus, having somewhat the appearance of 

 diphtheritic membranes. The nature of the collected material 

 on these areas led to the name "diphtheria" for this form. As 

 the disease progresses this process often extends over the 

 entire mucosa of the mouth, tongue and throat. When extending 

 into the larynx, and even into the trachea as it does occasionally, 

 there will be marked symptoms of dyspnea. Asphyxia is frequent 

 when the lesions extend to the larynx and trachea. On removal 

 of the deposits the mucosa presents a red, granulating surface, 

 which bleeds easily, showing in some cases extensive sub- 

 mucous swelling and edema. The commissures of the mouth are 

 frequently involved, and in some cases spreads to the skin and 

 contiguous tissues, producing a characteristic pox lesion on the 

 skin. Other complications are frequently found spreading from 

 the oral cavity, i. e., to the pharynx, esophagus and crop, pro- 

 ducing severe diarrhea and other bowel disturbances. 



The Skin. Lesions on the skin are found in quite a few 

 cases, more commonly on the comb, wattles and other portions 

 of the skin not well protected by feathers. It is first noticed 

 as a very fine gray vesicle, which soon develops into small eleva- 

 tions of a reddish gray color, which later become more grayish 

 yellow. Microscopically the nodules are composed of degen- 

 erated epithelial cells. These nodules in some cases become 

 quite large, warty in appearance, dry and hard. In severe cases 

 large number of these nodules are found distributed over the 

 skin on exposed surfaces. On removing the surface of the 

 nodules a raw granulating area is noted. Some cases show 

 distinct degeneration of contiguous tissues. 



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