The majority of the fatal cases die in two to five "weeks.' • 

 In these cases the body shows all the symptoms of a toxemia, 

 emaciation is pronounced and the serous membranes show 

 petechiae. In the cutaneous form the skin presents all the symp- 

 toms of a severe inflammation, each nodule being a distinct 

 process. Some of them show a similarity to tumor formation, 

 especially on the comb where the skin is thickest, but on the 

 wattles and feathered skin around the head this feature is less 

 pronounced. Masses of tough yellow material often distend 

 the suborbital fossae, accumulate in the external ear, in the 

 lung substance, and along the digestive tract. 



Symptoms 



The disease assumes various forms, depending upon whether 

 it involves the mucous membranes of the mouth, the nasal 

 passages, the eyes, the intestinal tract, or the skin. It is nec- 

 essary from a clinical standpoint to consider these various 

 types of the disease. It is this fact which has led to so much 

 confusion among the poultrymen, as they have been inclined 

 to consider these forms separate diseases. 



In previous articles which have been published in the various 

 poultry journals by the writers, we have tried to make clear 

 the fact that the varied clinical manifestations are merely 

 forms of one disease. A number of progressive poultrymen are 

 beginning to realize this, as they frequently observe all the 

 different forms at the same time in the same flock. 



Nasal Passages. The early symptoms are similar to those 

 of an acute nasal catarrh, but the bird shows more dullness and 

 prostration and there is present a peculiar offensive odor (the 

 odor in this disease is very characteristic). The discharge from 

 the nasal passages is at first thin, serous, and later becomes 

 thicker and glutinous, causing the affected birds to sneeze and 

 shake their heads in an effort to clear the nasal passages. The 

 secretions from the nasal passages collect around the openings 

 forming dirty, yellowish ci-usts. 



The infraorbital fossae become inflamed and distended with 

 pus, forming an enlargement on one or both sides of the head 

 below the eyes. Owing to the occlusion of the nasal passages 

 the bird breathes with open mouth. 



The Eyes. At first a thin serous secretion is observed flow- 

 ing from one or both eyes; later it becomes turbid, thicker, ad- 

 heres to the edges of the eyelids and dries to form crusts com- 



7 



