240 



KNOWLEDGE. 



[October 1, 1895. 



Black's position should hardly have ventured on incurring 

 the risk. 



(A) Just to make it more complicated, but it only 

 improves Black's position. He should play Q to KB2 at 

 once. 



(/) Obviously, if he takes the Queen, White mates in 

 four moves ; but the trap was worse than useless, and 

 enabled the American champion to finish oS the game with 

 a few powerful strokes. 



The Chess Openings. By I. Gunsberg. (George Bell 

 and Sons.) This is certainly one of the most useful of the 

 many shilling guides to the openings which have appeared 

 during the last few years. The leading idea of each 

 opening is explained before it is analysed, while the analysis 

 itself is select rather than exhaustive. Indeed, some 

 openings — notably the French defence, which is rather 

 peremptorily dismissed in four columns — might well have 

 received a more discursive treatment. Others, such as the 

 close game, occupy more space than usual. The tables 

 are brought well up to date, and in many cases are original, 

 old-fashioned variations being discarded in favour of the 

 new. The book gains additional value from the fact that 

 it is the work of a recognized expert. 



Common Sense in Chess, By Emanuel Lasker. Mr. 

 Lasker informs us that his recent series of twelve lectures 

 on the game will shortly be published under the above 

 title. Single copies will be sold at 2s. 6d., but a con- 

 siderable reduction will be given on orders for six copies 

 or more. Subscriptions tor the work should be sent to 

 E. Lasker, 71, Chiswell Street, London, E.G. 



CHESS INTELLIGENCE. 



After more than four weeks' continuous play, the 

 International Tournament at Hastings was brought to a 

 successful conclusion on September 3rd. The following is 

 the complete score : — 



1st prize (£150) - H. N. Pillsbury - Ifii 

 2nd prize (£115) - M. Tchigorin - - 1G' 

 3rd prize (£85) - E. Lasker - - - 15^ 

 4th prize (£60) - Dr. S. Tarrasch - ll" 

 5th prize (£40) - W. Steinitz - - - 13 

 Gth prize (£80) - E. Schifi'ers - - - 12 



7th prize (£20) - £ t"" f^'^'^'^^'' |- IH 

 '^ ^ ' M. Teichmann J ^ 



The remainder in order being : — C. Schlechter, 11 ; J. H. 



Blackburne, 10^ ; C. Walbrodt, 10 ; A. Burn, D. Janowski 



and J. Mason, 9i ; H. E. Bird and I. Gunsberg, 9 ; A. 



Albin and G. Marco, 8i ; W. H. K. Pollock, 8 ; J. Mieses 



and S. Tinsley, 7| ; and B. Vergani, 3. 



Mr. Pillsbury's victory comes as a surprise even to those 



who knew of the improvement in his play. The young 



Bostonian is not yet twenty-three, and this is his first 



International Tournament. He and Tchigorin owe their 



position to their escape from any continuous run of ill-luck 



such as befell Tarrasch in the first week, Steinitz in the 



second, and Lasker in the third. On the other hand, 



Pillsbury refused a draw with Schlechter, and had 



considerably the best of his drawn game with Marco. 



Lasker played finely, apart from the temporary breakdown 



referred to, and some of his victories were the shortest 



games of the tournament. Tarrasch and Steinitz recovered 



lost ground in a marvellous manner during the concluding 



stages ; given perfect health, all these three might have 



been at the top. The same cause spoilt Von Bardeleben's 



chances. For the first fortnight he was invincible ; after 



that he broke down, and had to resign a game to Pillsbury 



without playing. Schlechter gave up his drawing policy 

 in the last week or so ; still he drew no less than twelve 

 games out of the twenty-one played. Many will be 

 surprised at Bird drawing ten games, but here the cause is 

 dift'erent. Violent attacks lead to open positions in which 

 both Kings are liable to perpetual check ; moreover, Mr. 

 Bird draws many end-games which with more accurate 

 play might be won. Of the other players, Walbrodt and 

 Marco lost far more games than they are accustomed to 

 lose. Marco's score is particularly disappointing ; in 

 Vienna he is considered superior to Schlecter. Mieses 

 secured some good draws against the strongest players ; 

 otherwise he hardly did himself justice after the first week. 

 Those who noticed our prediction in the August number— 

 that the first prize winner would score 16, and the last on 

 the list but one, 7 — will see how nearly it was verified, 

 both scores being correct within half a point. The Italian 

 representative, as we expected, had no rival to dispute his 

 claim to the last place. Pollock did very well in beating 

 Steinitz and Tarrasch, and so coming out above Mieses. 



The Minor Tournament must be dismissed briefly. 

 There were thirty-two entries, and the prizes were taken 

 as follows: — 1, Herr Geza Maroczy; 2, E. Loman and 

 H. E. Atkins ; 4, Herr W. Cohn. These were the four 

 section winners. Messrs. F. HoUins, R. P. Michell, Dr. 

 Smith, and Rev. J. Owen were second in their sections, 

 and took the lesser prizes in the order mentioned. Mr. 

 Owen actually tied with Herr Maroczy in his section, but 

 lost in playing off, and afterwards broke down. Mr. Atkins 

 takes the challenge cup, and the title of Amateur Champion 

 of Great Britain. 



Contents of No. 119. 



The International Geographical 

 Congress in London 193 



The Newly-Pound Race in Effypt- 

 By J. E. Quihell. (liliistrated) 196 



Wind-Fertilized Flowers. By the 

 Eev. Alex. S. Wilson, M.A., 

 B.Sc. (niustratid) 199 



Notices of Books 202 



Science Notes 204 



Letters : — (Rev.) Pat. Stevenson ; 

 Wm. Miller; E. M. Antoniadi 

 {IlUist rated) 204 



Satellite Evolution. By Miss A. 

 M. Clerke 205 



Photographs of Elliptical and 

 Spiral Nehul^. By Isaac 

 Roberts, D.Sc, F.R.S 207 



Tvro Plates.— 1, Sketch Map of the World ; 2 

 and Spiral Nebulffi. 



PAGE 



Blind Cave-Auimals. By R. 

 Lydekker, B.A.Cantab., F.R.S. 

 (liiiisf ruled) 2C8 



Helium, toijether with a Few 

 Notes on Argon. By George 

 McGowau, Ph.D 210 



The Coldest Inhabited Spots on 

 Earth. By Carl Siewers. 

 {Illnsiratcil} 213 



SomeBeceut Patents (Illustrated) 213 



The Face of the Sky for Sep- 

 temtier. By Herbert Sadler, 

 F.R.A.S 214 



Chess Column. By C. B. Locock, 

 B.A.Oxon 215 



Photo^'aphs of Elhplical 



NOTICES. 



The numbers of Knowledge for January and February of last year can now 

 be bad, price One Sbilling eacb. 



Bound volumes of Knowledge, New Series, can be supplied as follows :— 

 Vols. I., n.. and III., 10s. 6d. eacb ; Vols. VI., VII., Vin. (1893), and IX. (1894), 

 8s. 6d. eacb. 



Binding Cases, Is. 6d. eacb ; post free. Is. 9d. 



Subscribers' numbers bound (including case and Index), 2s. 6d. eacb volume. 



Index of Articles and lUuatrations for 1891, 1892, and 1894 can be 

 supplied for 3d. eacb. 



TEEMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 



Annual SrescRiPTiox, 8s., Post Free. 



*' Knowledge " as a Montbly Magazine cannot be registered as a Newspaper 

 for transmission abroad. Tbe terms of Subscription per annum are therefore 

 as follows : — To any address in tbe United Kingdom, the Continent, Canada, 

 United States, Egypt, India, and other places in the Postal Union, the 

 Subscription is 8 shillings, including postage; or 2 dollars; or 8 marks 

 or 10 francs. 



For all places outside tbe Postal Union, 6 shillings in addition to the postage. 



Communications for the Editor and Books for Review should be addressed 

 Editor, " Knowledge " Office, 326, High Holbom, London, W.C. 



