February 1, 1894.] 



KNOWLEDGE. 



47 



reappearance at llh. 53m. 55s. p.m. On the 16th a transit 

 ingress of the shadow of the first satellite at 6h. 53m. p.ir. ; 

 a transit egress of the satellite at 7h. i7m. p.ji. ; a transit 

 egi-ess of its shadow at 91i. 6m. p.m. ; a transit egress of 

 the second satellite at llh. 50m. p.m., and a transit mgress 

 of its shadow five minutes after midnight. On the 17th an 

 eclipse reappearance of the first satellite at Oh. 22m. 57s. 

 P.M. On the 18th an occultation reappearance of the 

 second satellite at 6h. 8m. p..m. ; its eclipse disappearance 

 at 6h. 25m. 19s. p.m. ; its eclipse reappearance at 

 8h. 41m. 27s. p.m. ; an occultation disappearance of the 

 third satellite at llh. 54m. p.m. On the 22ud a transit 

 ingress of the shadow of the third satellite at 7h. 27m. 

 P..M. ; its transit egress at 9h. 25m. p.m. ; an occultation 

 disappearance of the first satellite at lOh. 20m. p.m. 

 On the 23rd a transit ingress of the first satellite at 

 7h. 30m. P.M. ; a transit ingress of its shadow at sh. 49m. 

 P.M. ; a transit egress of the satellite at 9h. 43m. p.m., 

 and a transit egress of its shadow at llh. 2m. p.m. On 

 the 24th an eclipse reappearance of the first satellite at 

 8h. 18m. 47s. p.m. On the 25th an occultation disappear- 

 ance of the second satellite at 6h. 22m. p.m. ; its 

 occultation reappearance at 8h. 47m. p.m. ; its eclipse 

 disappearance at 9h. Im. 28s. p.ji. and its eclipse 

 reappearance at llh. 17m. 52s. p.m. On the 27th a 

 transit egress of the shadow of the second satellite at 

 (ih. 25m. P.M. 



Saturn is an evening star, rising on the 1st at llh. 22m. 

 P.M., with a southern declination of 7^ 21', and an apparent 

 equatorial diameter of 17|" (the major axis of the ring 

 system being40-7" in diameter, and the minor lO-O'). On the 

 28th he rises at 9h. :Jlm. p.m., with a southern declination 

 of 7^ 1', and an apparent equatorial diameter of 18:|" (the 

 major axis of the ring system being 42-5" in diameter, and 

 the minor 10- 1"). He is almost stationary in a barren 

 region of Virgo during February. 



Neptune is an evening star, setting on the 1st at 

 3h. 51m. A.M., with a northern declination of 20° 34', and 

 an apparent diameter of 2-6". On the 28th he sets at 

 Ih. 57m. A.M., with a northern declination of 20' 35'. 

 He is almost stationary in Taurus during the month. A 

 map of the small stars near his path will be found in the 

 F.itiiUsh Mrchanic for November 29th, 1893. 



There are no very well-marked showers of shooting stars 

 in February. 



The Moon is new at 9h. 45m. p.m. on the 5th ; enters 

 her first quarter at lOh. 43m. a.m. on the 13th ; is full at 

 2h. 16m. A.M. on the 20th ; and enters her last quarter 

 at Oh. 28m. p.m. on the 27th. She is in apogee at lOh. 

 P.M. on the 1st (distance from the earth 252,320 miles) ; 

 and in perigee at 9h. p.m. on the 17th (distance fi'om the 

 earth 225,610 miles). 



By C. D. LoGooK, B.A.Oxon. 



CoMMTmioATioNs for this colmmn should be addressed to 

 C. D. LococK, Burwash, Sussex, and posted on or before 

 the 12th of each month. 



Solutions of Problem So. 6. 



Author's Key -move — 1. Q to Bsq. 

 Solved also by 1. Kt to B4ch. 



Siihitions. of Pvohhiii Xii. 7. 



Author's Key-move — 1. Q to Kt8. 

 Solved also by 1. Q to B6ch, and 1. K to Bw. 



Here the " Coijuw:," sportively alluded to by the com- 

 poser, is present with his attendant handmaid. 

 _ According to the published rules, duals do not score in 

 either of the above problems. 



Solution of Problem No. 8. 

 heij-morc — 1. Q to B6. 

 If 1. . . . KxE, 2. Q toQ2ch. 



1. . . . B moves, 2. E to K3ch. 



1. . . . KtxRorKtB7, 2. BxPch. 

 1. . . . Kt elsewhere, 2. Q or R mates. 



In this problem there is a dual short mate after three 

 of Black's possible moves. If this dual had scored at all 

 it would have scored as one dual and not as three. But 

 it does not score for the following reasons. The published 

 rule reads — " Marks will be awarded as follows : For 

 each dual continuation (on the second move), one point." 

 Now a " continuation " is something hetireru the key and 

 the mate ; a move made after the key, with a view to a 

 mate. A mate is the end, and cannot therefore be a 

 " continuation." If it is urged that the rule quoted 

 contains the words "dual continuation (on the second 

 move)," the reply is that the words " on the second move," 

 being in parentheses, are merely explanatory of the word 

 " continuation," which, in a three-move problem, in- 

 variably occurs on the second move. The reason why 

 dual short mates, and dual third-move mates, do not score 

 is that every solver is presumed to be capable of seeing 

 every possible mate in one move. 



We may mention that a well-known expert, to whom 

 we submitted the case in point, entirely concurs in our 

 view of the matter. 



Correct Solutions received from the following : — 



Eigliteen Points. — Semper, B. G. Laws, Guy. 



t'ift.-.'H Points.— Kt. J., F. R. Adeock, W. T. Hurley, 

 A. C. Challenger. 



Twehv Points. — W. J. .Jubb, Rascal, Buttercup, A. R., 

 Chat. 



Nine Points. — Alpha, Birkenbaum, H. Holmes, J. H. 

 Christie, E. W. Brook. 



Nos 6 ' and 

 A Norseman. 



T. E. En-imj. — The Knight must be lost. If for 

 instance 23. ... P to QR4, 24. Q to QB2, threatening 

 mate. Or if 23. ... B to R8, 24. P to B3, threatening 

 the same continuation if Black defends the Bishop. 



G. D. CrowtJirr.—U 1. Kt to K7ch, K moves ; 2. Q to B2, 

 R X Kt, and there is no mate. 



H. S. Bromlrrtli.—ln No. 7, 1. Kt to B6 is nullified by 

 1. ... B to Q5. 



L. Bourne. — In No. 8, 1. B x Pch comes very near. 

 But have you looked at the reply 1 . . . . Kt x B ? 



ir. T. Hurletj. — White must not postpone the mate 

 even to obtain variety. 



Leading Solvers' Scores. 



correctly solved by L. Bourne and 



