July 2, 1894.] 



KNOWLEDGE. 



167 



20fch he rises at lOh. 4!>m. p.m., or 2h. 45m. after sunset, 

 with a northern dechnation of S° 30', and an apparent 

 diameter of 12-3", the phase amounting to 1'9". On the 

 31st he rises at lOh. 18m. p.m., or 2h. 80m. after sunset, 

 with a northern declination of 5° 28', and an apparent 

 diameter of 13-4", the phase on the preceding limb 

 amounting to nearly 2". During the month Mars describes 

 a direct path in Pisces, being closely s / the 5th magni- 

 tude star fA Piscium on the evening of the 30th. At about 

 Ih. A.M. on the 17th an 80 magnitude star will be f north 

 of the planet, and three or four minutes after midnight on 

 the 29th a 9th magnitude star will be i' north of Mars. 



Both Jupiter and Neptune are, for the purposes of the 

 amateur observer, invisible. 



Saturn is still an evening star, but should be looked for 

 as soon after sunset as possible. On the 1st he sets at 

 Oh. 15m. A.M., with a southern declination of 4° 54', and 

 an apparent equatorial diameter of 17j" (the major axis of 

 the ring system being 39^-" in diameter, and the minor 

 7f"). On the 16th he sets at llh. 18m. p.m., with a southern 

 declination of 5° 8', and an apparent equatorial diameter 

 of 16i" (the major axis of the ring system being 885" 

 in diameter, and the minor 7|"). On the 81st he sets 

 at lOh. 14m. p.m., with a southern declination of 5° 29', 

 and an apparent equatorial diameter of 16j" (the major 

 axis of the ring system being 87|" in diameter, and the 

 minor 8"). lapetus is at inferior conjunction just before 

 midnight on the 14th. Diu-ing the month Saturn pursues 

 a short direct path in Virgo through a region destitute of 

 naked-eye stars. 



Uranus is also, an evening star, but should be looked for 

 as soon after sunset as possible. On the 1st he rises at 

 3h. 11m. P.M., with a southern declination of 14° 54', and 

 an apparent diameter of 3-7". On the 31st he sets at 

 lOh. 50m. P.M., with a southern declination of 14° 53'. 

 He is almost stationary in Libra during the month. A 

 map of the stars near his path will be found in the Emjlisli 

 Mechanic for March 23rd. 



Shooting stars are fairly numerous in July, though 

 twilight interferes with observation. A well-marked 

 shower radiates from near S Aquarii, the maximum being 

 on the 28th. The radiant point is in 22h. 40m.— 13°. 

 ■ SThe Moon is new at 5h. 45m. a.m. on the 8rd ; enters 

 her first quarter at lOh. 15m. p.m. on the 9th ; is full at 

 lOh. 3m. p.m. on the 17th ; and' enters her last quarter 

 at 9h. 7m. p.m. on the 25th. She is in perigee at 2h. 

 p.m. on the 3rd (distance from the earth 225,215 miles), 

 is in apogee at 3h. p.m. on the 17th (distance from the 

 earth 252,460 miles), and is in perigee at llh. p.m. on the 

 31st (distance from the earth 222,280 miles). At 8h. 42m. 

 P.M. on the 17th the 5th magnitude star A Sagittarii will 

 disappear at an angle of 55° from the north point, and 

 reappear at an angle of 286° at 9h. 52m. p.m. At 8h. 55m. 

 p.m. on the 18th the 6th magnitude star B.A.C. 7197 

 will make a near approach at an angle of 346°. At 

 ]0h. 33m. P.M. on the 20th the 6th magnitude star 60 

 Aquarii will disappear at an angle of 854°, and reappear 

 at lOh. 57m. p.m. at an angle of 815°. At 2h. Im. a.m. 

 on the 21st the 65 magnitude star B.A.C. 7885 will dis- 

 appear at an angle of 47°, and reappear at 3h. 20m. a.m. 

 at an angle of 241°. At llh. 30m. p.m. on the 25th the 

 6th magnitude star 19 Arietis will disappear at an angle 

 of 60°, and reappear at Oh. 25m. a.m. on the 26th at an 

 angle of 248°. At 8h. 40m. a.m. on the 27th the 4^ 

 magnitude star t, Arietis will disappear at an angle of 117°, 

 and reappear at 4h. 18m. a.m. at an angle of 186°. At 

 llh. 51m. P.M. on the 27th the 6th magnitude star 36 

 Tauri will disappear at an angle of 126°, and reappear at 

 Oh. 20m. A.M. on the 28th at an angle of 197° 



Ci^tss Column. 



By 0. D. LooooK, B. A. Oxen. 



CoMMUNioATioNs for thls column should be addressed to 

 C. D. LococK, Burwash, Sussex, and posted on or before 

 the 12th of each month. 



Solutions of June Problems. 

 No. 1 (By Mrs. Baird). 

 Key -move — 1. Q to KR8. 

 • If 1. . . . KxP, 2. Q toB6. 



1. . . . K to B4 2. Q to E5ch. 



1. . . . P X P, 2. Kt to B5ch. 



Correct Solutions received from H. S. Brandreth, 

 Alpha, J. Perkins, A Norseman, W. Willby, B. G. Laws, 

 E. W. Brook, J. St. L. Kir wan, Chat. 



No. 2 (By C. D. Locock). 



1. Q to B5, and mates next move. 



Correct Solutions received from H. S. Brandreth, 

 Alpha, J. Perkins, J. E. Gore, W. Willby, B. G. Laws, 

 E. W. Brook, J. St. L. Kirwan, G. G. Beazley, Chat. 



Additional Solution of Mr. De Morgan's problem 

 received from J. St. L. Kirwan. 



.7. Pt'ikinx. — There is no Solution Tiiurnci.i in Knowledge 

 at present, but solutions will always be acknowledged. 



Yum-Yum. — This page was in the printers' hands when 

 your letter arrived last month. 



E. W. Broolc. — Much regret that you decided not to 

 take part in the adjudication. Your previous experience 

 of most of the positions published in this and other 

 columns was surely a sufficient qualification. Solutions 

 of Nos. 1 and 2 are quite correct. 



Many correspondents have congratulated us on the 

 success of the Solution Tourney, and on the high standard 

 of the problems in it. We have to thank them also for 

 many discriminating criticisms of the problems, and regret 

 that we have not space for their publication. Some of 

 their ideas, however, will be found embodied in our brief 

 criticism of the less fortunate problems. The more for- 

 tunate, of course, cannot be criticized in print till the judge 

 has decided on their respective merits. 



PROBLEMS. 



By A, C. Challenger. 



No. 1. 



Black (7). 



m mi m 



m. M 



m §m m^. 



M W} 



« * ill. 



f 







White (5). 



White mates in two moves. 



