64 



KNOWLEDGE. 



February. 1915. 



to be not quite up to date. Thus, no mention is made of the 

 great variety of alkaUc rocks described by Tyrrell from 

 Ayrshire, nor of Shand's elaborate investigation of the 

 Loch Borolan complex. The reproduction of the map of 

 the Loch Garabal area has the same inaccuracies as in the 

 fifth edition. The value of the book is enhanced by a large 

 number of excellent microphotographs, illustrative of rock 

 types. The figure of a teschenite on page 233 apparently 

 contains no analcite. As a whole, the book is admirably- 

 got up, and misprints are rare ; one, however, occurs 

 at the foot of page 185 and another on page 107, where 

 " hydronephehnite " is used instead of ' hydronephelite." 

 In a future edition more references to papers containing the 

 original definitions of rock-names might be given. From the 

 point of view of the readers for whom the book is intended, 

 these defects are of small importance, and do not detract 

 from the merits of an edition which should prove as useful 

 to students and teachers now as previous editions have done 

 in the past. 



A. S. 

 YEAR BOOK. 



Penrose's Annual. — Edited by William Gamble, F.R.P.S. 

 148 pages. 92 illustrations. 10-in.x7-in. 



(Percy Lund, Humphries & Co. Price 5/- net.) 



Penrose's Annual, which is the twentieth volume of the 

 " Process Year Book," is one which should be in the hands 

 of all who are interested in modern printing and illustration . 

 The letterpress is a very fine example of printing, though 

 perhaps to some the hues of the heavy old-faced type are 

 a Uttle too close together to do full justice to it. As usual, 

 the illustrations are exceeding^ good, and their subjects 



very varied. There is still a tendency, especially among 

 those used for trade purposes, to have heavy borders of 

 various \vidths and tints, which detract much from the 

 effectiveness of the print, in so far as they take the attention 

 of the eye from it. As the plates are not numbered nor 

 paged, it is difficult to refer to any particular one ; but we 

 think the frame round the portrait of Mademoiselle Gina 

 Palerme, with its eye-dazzling corners, is an example of 

 what should be avoided. The frontispiece is a portrait of 

 SirWiUiam Crookes, P.R.S.,in colour. His academic gown, 

 however, appears flat and unnatural ; and even here we 

 cannot get away from ornamental borders. One of the 

 features of the year mentioned by the Editor is the develop- 

 ment of rotary photogravure. The article by " Macbeth," 

 on " Efficiency in Press Advertising," is well worth reading. 

 Among many articles of practical utility is one on " Har- 

 monic Vibrations " by Mr. Douglas Cowley, following up 

 the suggestion that harmonographs should be used in 

 connection with bank-note engra\-ing by proposing that they 

 should be also used for the borders of cheques or name- 

 plates, or as the headings of various kinds of commercial 

 paper. There are still some who think that simplicity is 

 bad taste. We fancy that more is being done in the way of 

 coloured collotypes than Mr. Yerbury seems to imagine. 

 Mr. J. R. Riddell asks the question, "Is a scientific 

 training necessary ? " and says that, when one is in a 

 reminiscent mood, and compares the conditions and require- 

 ments of the crafts to-day with those in vogue some twenty 

 years ago, the answer must be a most emphatic " Yes." 

 We are glad that the Editor did not (owing to the war) 

 break the continuity of twenty years' consecutive publica- 

 tion, and decided " to carry on." 



W. M. W. 



NOTICES. 



THE BRITISH JOURNAL PHOTOGRAPHIC AL- 

 MANAC, 1915 (fifty-fourth issue), has just been published 

 by Messrs. Henry Greenwood & Co., Ltd. (price 1 /- net, 

 paper ; 2/- net, cloth). In addition to the usual guide to 

 processes and the handy tables of value for reference, two 

 long articles appear, one on enlarging and the other on 

 photo-micrography. 



ANTI-VIVISECTION.— A"a/uye has a scatliing article 

 on the action of the anti-vivisectionists, who are in\"eighing 

 against protective treatment for tj'phoid fever. The success 

 of the treatment and the help which it must give to this 

 country in the war are very great. We wonder whether 

 it would not be possible to show that the anti-\'i\isectionists 

 are prejudicing enlistment, and should be dealt with under 

 the Defence of the Realm Act. 



THE STAR ALMANAC— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall 

 and Co. have issued the Star Ahnanac for 1915 by Mrs. H. 

 Periam Hawkins (price 6d. net). This contains much in- 

 fonnation, and should appear on the wall of every astro- 

 nomer's stud}-. Two other publications by the same 

 authoress are invaluable for reference : The ABC Guide 

 to Astronomy (price 1 /6 net), now in its third edition; and 

 the Revolving Star Map (price 1 /- net), an excellent plani- 

 sphere with a movable declination scale. 



THE ALCHEMICAL SOCIETY.— At the sixteenth meet- 

 ing of the Society- the first of a number of papers forming a 

 symposium on mediae\-al philosophy was read by Lieutenant- 

 Colonel Jaspar Gibson, V.D., LL.B. (Lond.), on " An Inter- 

 pretation of Alchemical Symbolism with reference to the 

 Works of Edward Kelly." In this there were dealt with 

 certain analogies between the speculations of the mediaeval 

 alchemists, the doctrines of ancient Indian philosophy, 

 and the theories of modern science. At the seventeenth 

 meeting on January 8th the subject of " Alchemical 

 Tradition " was discussed by Mr. Gaston de Mengel. 



THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN 

 IRELAND. — The President, Vice-President, and Council 

 of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland have decided 

 to place in the College a pei-manent record of the names of 

 all the Students, Licentiates, and Fellows of the College 

 who are at present serving with His Majesty's Navy and 

 Expeditionary- Forces ; and, further, to erect a suitable 

 memorial to all such as fall in the war. The President, 

 Vice-President, and Council w-ill be glad if the relatives and 

 friends would communicate the names of such Students, 

 Licentiates, and Fellows to the Registrar of the College. 



ENGLISH FILTER PAPERS.— We are glad that Messrs. 

 Balston, Ltd., the makers of the celebrated Whatman 

 drawing paper, are making filter paper to replace that 

 wliich previously came from Germany. The specimens 

 which they have sent to us have been tested, and have been 

 found to be rapid in their action, while they effectively 

 retain fine precipitates. For commercial analysis and school 

 work they are all that could be desired. For the most 

 accurate scientific work, however, the amount of ash is too 

 high, but filter papers washed with acids are in course of 

 preparation to meet the demand for " ash-free " paper. 

 We hope that our readers will take advantage of Messrs. 

 Balston's work. 



SHIPLEY & MACBRIDE'S ZOOLOGY has been 

 thoroughly revised, and the third edition will be published 

 shortly by the Cambridge University Press. The science of 

 Zoology has made such ad\'ances in the eleven years which 

 have elapsed since the publication of the second edition of 

 this textbook that it has become necessary to rewrite 

 considerable portions. The newer discoveries in the laws 

 of inheritance are dealt with in the Introduction, the chapter 

 on Protozoa has been radically changed, a chapter on 

 Gephyrea has been added, the chapter on Arthropoda has 

 been largely rewritten, and many changes have been made 

 in the section dealing with Vertebrata. There are many new 

 illustrations. 



