August, 1902.] 



KNOWLEDGE. 



191 



FiRBDALl. AT XoON'DAT. — An obserrer, writing from York, says 

 that he na,< amongst the Wolds on June 29th, and at Hh. 4,Sm a m. 

 saw a large met«orite travelling rapidly from oast to northeast, and 

 falling from an altitude of 10 to 20 degrees, ihe sun was shining in 

 a skv almost entirely free from cloud. Tlie meteorite exhibited a 

 rounded head and a tail of vivid phosphorescent green colour, and it 

 formed a conspicuous object on the deep blue of the firmament 

 Another observer, residing at Drillield, noticed the phenomenon, and 

 describes it as moving from the east some distance above the horizon, 

 and looking like polished silver. 



THE 



FACE OF THE SKY FOR AUGUST. 



By W. Shackleton, f.r.a.s. 



The Sun. — On the 1st the sun rises at 4.24 a.m., and 

 sets at 7.48 p.m. On the 31st he rises at 5.11 a.m., and sets 

 at 6.49 i>.M. 



There is a lack of suuspotsand faculic, and indeed there 

 is every prospect of this year, like the last, being one of 

 an abnormal minimum. 



The Moon : — 



The Mocn is in perigee on the 1st and 29th, and in 

 ajHigeo on the 13th. 



Oocultations. — On the 10th, the bright star a Librae 

 will suffer occultation. The following are the particulars : — 



The Planets. — Mercury is not observable, being in 

 superior conjunction with the sun on the 11th. 



Venus is a morning star, in Gemini, and is near Mars 

 on the 1st. The planet rises in the N.E. about 2^ hours 

 prior to the sun ; the apparent diameter is .shrinking, 

 being now only 12''0, whilst 089 of her disc is illuminated. 



Mars is a morning star in Gemini. He- rises in the 

 N.E. aboiit 1.30 a.m. The distance of the planet is so 

 great, however, that the apparent diameter is only 4"'0, 

 and his disc is somewhat gibbous, 0'96 being illuminated. 



Jupiter is now visible from sunset to sunrise, and 

 attracts the attention immediately on looking to the south, 

 not very high up in the sky. About the middle of the 

 month he is on the meridian at 11.20 p.m., whilst on the 

 5th the planet is in opposition to the sun, and then attains 

 his greatest ap[iarent diameter of 45"'0. During the 

 month he describes a retrograde path, passing so close to 

 6 Capricorni that the star should be seen in the same field 

 of view as the planet on the evening of the 4th. 



Observing at 11 p.m., three satellites only will be visible 

 on the 4th, <3th, 19th, 22nd, 27th, and 29th,"the other being 

 either in transit, eclipse, or occultation, whilst on the 12th 

 two saiellitea will be eclipsed, satellites II. and IV. being 

 visible. 



Saturn is in Sagittarius, and though somewhat low 

 down is very conveniently situated for observation in the 

 early evening ; about the middle of the month he is on 

 the meridian at 10 p.m., thus being some 20° to the west 

 of Jupiter. On the 8th the apparent polar diameter of 



the planet is 17"-0, whilst the major and minor axes of 

 the ring have diameters of 42"5 and 16"'6 respectively, 

 the northern surface being invisible. 



Uranus is in Ophiuchus, near the star Theta in that 

 constellation ; on account of its small altitude it is scarcely 

 discernible to the naked eye, but by the aid of the chart 

 given in the June number, and small optical assistance, 

 it may easily be picked out from amongst the surrounding 

 stars. At the beginning of the month the planet souths 

 at 8.30 p.m., whilst his apparent diameter is 3"'7 ; on the 

 27th of the month he is at the stationary point, after 

 which his path is direct or easterly. 



Neptune is a morning star in Gemini, but for all 

 ordinary purposes is out of range. 



The Stars. — About 9 p.m. at the beginning of the 

 month the constellations to be noticed are : — 

 Zenith . Lyra (Veya), Hercules, Draco. 

 South . Sagittarius, Scorpio, Ophiuchus, Aquila; 



Aquarius and Caj)ricornus to the S.E. 

 West . BoiJtis, Corona; (>reat Bear to the N.W., 



Virgo and Libra, S.W. 

 East . Cygnus, Delphinus, Pegasus, Aries ; Andro- 

 meda and Cassiopeia to the N.E. 

 North . Ursa Minor, Auriga {Capella on horizon). 



Minima of Algol will occur on the 9th at Oh. 38m. a.m., 

 llth at 9h. 27m. p.m., and the 31st at llh. 10m. p.m. 



Cijcss Column. 



By C. D. LococK, b.a. 



Communications for this column should be addressed 

 to C. D. LococK, Netherfield, Camberley, and be posted 

 by the 10th of each month. 



Solutions of July Problems. 



No. 7. 



The Author's key is 1. Q to R3, but 1. Q to Kt3 and 

 1. Q to B4 will also solve the Problem. 



No. 8. 



Key- move. — 1. PxP. 



If 1. . . . any except K to Q4, 2. Q to B5ch, etc. 



[After 1. . . . K to Q4 there is a quintuple continuation 



by Q to B5ch or Q to B7ch or QK2, or QKsq or R x KP.J 



No. 9. 



-1. Q to Bsq. 



2. Kt to B3ch, etc. 

 2. Q to B5ch, etc. 

 2. Q to Q2eh, etc. 

 2. Q X Pch, etc. 

 2. B to K6ch, etc. 

 2. Q mates. 

 2. Q X P, etc. 



... P to Kt4, by 2. Q X P or 

 B to Q6, by 2. Kt x Pch or 

 ..PxP, by the same two 



continuations. But as the mates are entirely different in 



the two last-named variations, I think that they must 



count as separate duals.] 



Solutions received from W. Nash, 4, 5, 6 ; Alpha, 



4, 4, 4 ; W. Jay, 6, 5, 7 ; G. Woodcock, 4, 5, 5 ; G. W. 



Middleton, 4, 5, 4 ; W. de P. Crousaz, 4, 5, 5 ; " Tamen." 



6, 5, 0; C.Johnston, 6,5, 5; "Looker-on," G, 5, 6; A. F. 



(Rugbv), 4, 5, 4; J. W. Dawson, 4, 4 7 ; H. 



4. 3, 3 ; H. Myers, 4, 5, 7. 



[There are duals after 1. 

 Q to B5ch; after 1. . . . 

 B to K6ch ; and after 1. 



