17 CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER V. 



PLOUGHS AND PLOUGHING. 



Ancient Ploughs.— Modern Ploughs— Ploughing. — Depth to 

 which Roots of Plants Penetrate — Subsoil Ploughs — Fall 

 Ploughing.— Deep or Shallow Ploughing . . Page 60 



CHAPTER VI. 



WHEAT. 



Natural History of <Ae Plant.— Varieties. — Best Soil for Wheat. 

 — Manures— Cultivation — Harvesting. — Diseases. — Preven- 

 tion of Smut. — Insect Enemies. — Conversion of Winter into 

 Spring Wheat. — Italian Wheat 79 



CHAPTER VH. 



BARLEY AND OATS. 



Varieties of Barley. — Best mode of Culture. — Varieties of Oats. 

 —Suitable Soils. — Good Crops 101 



CHAPTER VHI. 



PRINCIPLES OP BREEDING. 



Effects of Crops. — Tendency to Deterioration. — Relative Size 

 of Animals, Male or Female. — Constitutional Ailments 117 



CHAPTER IX. 



Improved Short Horns.— Origin. — Milking Properties. — Herd- 

 book. — Devonshire Cattle. —Description and Weight of Beef. 

 — Milk — Herefords. — Long Horns. — Ayreshire and Gallo- 

 ways 127 



CHAPTER X. 



THE POTATO. 



Varieties. — J^oil — Cultivntion. — Modes of Planting. — Early Po- 

 tatoes. — Experiments in Planting. — Great Crops. — Diseases. 

 — New Kinds. — Nutritive Properties .... 164 



