154 AMERICAN HUSBANDRY. 



and less grossly feeding race of cattle will be requi- 

 red, and which, in such a mixture of the races, will be 

 preferred to either the Improved Short or Long 

 Horns. Some efforts have been made to restore to 

 the Long Horns the celebrity they once enjoyel; 

 but experiments instituted to test their comparative 

 value with either the Devons or Durhams have usu- 

 ally terminated unfavourably, and have added to 

 their disrepute. Mr. Gibson, of Quernmoor Park, in 

 the native country of the Long Horns, tried an equal 

 number of the Short and Long Horns for twelve 

 months ; and, on summing up the profit and loss at 

 the expiration of the time, the Short Horns had giv- 

 en considerably more milk, the butter account was 

 also in their favour, and they had improved consid- 

 erabl}'^ more in condition. The experiments of 

 others have had a similar result. Mr. Harrison re- 

 marks, " that the average weight of the Long Horns, 

 when fattened, is eight score per quarter ; but their 

 value is not so great either for grazing or milking by 

 nearly or quite £2 per head." 



The Wiltshire cow was a species of Long Horn, 

 and was considered as one of the best breeds in Eng- 

 land for the dairy, which enabled them to resist the 

 attempt made some years since to substitute the 

 Devon for them, as being more desirable in many 

 respects ; but the introduction of the Short Horn has 

 caused the old breed mostly to disappear. The cross 

 which has resulted from the Wiltshire and the Short 

 Horn is highly valued in the dairy, both for the quan- 

 tity and quality of the milk. There is a constant ten- 

 dency, however, to degenerate, and the cross must 

 be carefully watched. The mode of prevention 

 which has been found effectual is a frequent recur- 

 rence to a Short Horn bull, and frequently changing 

 the bull. "The average quantity of cheese made 

 from the cows of this district is greater than from 

 any other breed of cows in Britain ; sometimes as 

 much as 450 or 500 lbs. to a cow, seldom lower than 



