156 Cockroaches, Locusts, Grasshoppers, and Crickets 



hopper," C. maculatus (Fig. 213), with sooty brown body dotted with 

 pale spots. Some of the wingless Locustids are found in caves, and these 

 are either blind or have the eyes much reduced. One of these cave-crickets, 

 Hadcenucus subierraneus, is common in the larger caves of Kentucky, where 

 it may be found creeping about on the walls. Carman states that it speedily 

 dies when removed from the cave. The genus Atlanticus comprises dull- 



^,-y ThJiJ-- 



FIG. 218. The western cricket, Anabrus purpurascens, male. (After Lugger; nat. size.) 



colored species with the pronotum extending like a shield back over the 

 base of the abdomen, and although the hind wings are wanting, rudimentary 

 wing-covers are present, and in the males carry a circular stridulating organ. 



These are called "shield-backed grasshoppers" 

 and are to be found in dry upland woods and on 

 sloping hillsides with sunny exposure. The two 

 common species in the East and the Mississippi 

 Valley are^l. dorsalis, with pronotum well rounded 

 behind, and A. pachymerus (Fig. 216), with pro- 

 notum nearly square. 



A genus similar to Atlanticus found commonly 

 in California is Tropizaspis (Fig. 217), the males 



FIG. 219. FIG. 220. 



FIG. 219. The western cricket, Anabrus purpurascens, female. (After Lugger; nat- 

 ural size.) 

 FIG. 220. The Jerusalem cricket, Stenopelmatus sp. (Natural size.) 



